Vennemann Mechtild M, Hummel Thomas, Berger Klaus
Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
J Neurol. 2008 Aug;255(8):1121-6. doi: 10.1007/s00415-008-0807-9. Epub 2008 Jul 28.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of smoking on taste and smell impairment in a large population- based study.
Cross-sectional survey in Dortmund, Germany.
The population sample was randomly drawn from the city's central registration office. Following a standardized interview, validated taste and smell tests were performed. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression was used in the analysis.
Among the 1312 study participants, 3.6 % were functionally anosmic, and 18 % had olfactory dysfunction. Approximately 20 % recognized only three or less of the four tastes when presented at suprathreshold concentrations, indicating signs of taste impairment. Current smoking in general increased the risk for impairment of olfactory function (odds ratio 1.71, 95 % CI 1.19-2.47), but not the risk for taste impairment. Heavy smokers of 20 or more cigarettes/day had significant increased risks for impairment in both senses.
Our results reveal that both olfactory and gustatory function are compromised in a significant proportion of the general population. Smoking increases significantly the risk of impairment of olfactory function. Our findings add an important detail to the large body of evidence that describes adverse health effects of smoking.
本研究的目的是在一项基于大规模人群的研究中评估吸烟对味觉和嗅觉损害的影响。
在德国多特蒙德进行的横断面调查。
从该市中央登记办公室随机抽取人口样本。在进行标准化访谈后，进行经过验证的味觉和嗅觉测试。分析中使用描述性统计和逻辑回归。
在1312名研究参与者中，3.6%存在功能性嗅觉丧失，18%存在嗅觉功能障碍。当以阈上浓度呈现四种味觉时，约20%的人只能识别其中三种或更少，表明有味觉损害迹象。一般来说，当前吸烟会增加嗅觉功能损害的风险（比值比1.71，95%置信区间1.19 - 2.47），但不会增加味觉损害的风险。每天吸烟20支或更多的重度吸烟者在两种感觉功能损害方面的风险显著增加。
我们的结果表明，在普通人群中相当一部分人的嗅觉和味觉功能都受到了损害。吸烟会显著增加嗅觉功能损害的风险。我们的研究结果为描述吸烟对健康的不良影响的大量证据增添了一个重要细节。
