Brown Mark R, Sieglaff Douglas H, Rees Huw H
Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA.
Annu Rev Entomol. 2009;54:105-25. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ento.53.103106.093334.
Ecdysteroids are multifunctional hormones in male and female arthropods and are stored in oocytes for use during embryogenesis. Ecdysteroid biosynthesis and its hormonal regulation are demonstrated for insect gonads, but not for the gonads of other arthropods. The Y-organ in the cephalothorax of crustaceans and the integument of ticks are sources of secreted ecdysteroids in adults, as in earlier stages, but the tissue source is not known for adults in many arthropod groups. Ecdysteroid metabolism occurs in several tissues of adult arthropods. This review summarizes the evidence for ecdysteroid biosynthesis by gonads and its metabolism in adult arthropods and considers the apparent uniqueness of ecdysteroid hormones in arthropods, given the predominance of vertebrate-type steroids in sister invertebrate groups and vertebrates.
蜕皮甾类是雌雄节肢动物体内的多功能激素，储存在卵母细胞中以供胚胎发育期间使用。昆虫性腺已证实存在蜕皮甾类生物合成及其激素调节，但其他节肢动物的性腺尚未得到证实。与早期阶段一样，甲壳类动物头胸部的Y器官和蜱的体表是成年个体分泌蜕皮甾类的来源，但许多节肢动物类群中成年个体的组织来源尚不清楚。成年节肢动物的几种组织中会发生蜕皮甾类代谢。本综述总结了成年节肢动物性腺蜕皮甾类生物合成及其代谢的证据，并考虑到在姐妹无脊椎动物类群和脊椎动物中以脊椎动物型类固醇为主的情况下，蜕皮甾类激素在节肢动物中明显的独特性。
