社交恐惧症的发病率及其风险指标的识别：一种预防模型。
Incidence of social phobia and identification of its risk indicators: a model for prevention.
作者信息
Acarturk C, Smit F, de Graaf R, van Straten A, ten Have M, Cuijpers P
机构信息
Department of Clinical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2009 Jan;119(1):62-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01275.x. Epub 2008 Oct 6.
OBJECTIVE
This study seeks to examine the incidence of social phobia in the general population and to establish a number of risk indicators.
METHOD
Data were derived from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS) which is a population based prospective study (n=7076). A sample of adults aged 18-64 years (n=5618) were re-interviewed 1 year later using Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI).
RESULTS
The 12-month incidence of DSM-III-R social phobia was 1.0%. Low education, low mastery, low self-esteem, emotional neglect in childhood and ongoing difficulties were found to be risk indicators. After including other mental disorders as risk indicators in the model, the incidence was found to be more common among those with low mastery, major depression, subthreshold social phobia, emotional neglect, negative life events, and low education.
CONCLUSION
The incidence of social phobia can be predicted relatively well with psychosocial variables and comorbidity.
目的
本研究旨在调查普通人群中社交恐惧症的发病率，并确定一些风险指标。
方法
数据来源于荷兰心理健康调查与发病率研究（NEMESIS），这是一项基于人群的前瞻性研究（n = 7076）。对18 - 64岁的成年人样本（n = 5618）在1年后使用复合国际诊断访谈（CIDI）进行重新访谈。
结果
DSM - III - R社交恐惧症的12个月发病率为1.0%。低教育程度、低掌控感、低自尊、童年期情感忽视和持续存在的困难被发现是风险指标。在将其他精神障碍作为风险指标纳入模型后，发现发病率在掌控感低、重度抑郁症、亚阈值社交恐惧症、情感忽视、负面生活事件和低教育程度的人群中更为常见。
结论
社交恐惧症的发病率可以通过社会心理变量和共病情况进行相对较好的预测。
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