Borochov-Neori Hamutal, Judeinstein Sylvie, Greenberg Amnon, Fuhrman Bianca, Attias Judith, Volkova Nina, Hayek Tony, Aviram Michael
Southern Arava R&D, Mobile Post Hevel Eilot 88820, Israel.
J Agric Food Chem. 2008 Nov 12;56(21):9884-91. doi: 10.1021/jf801467m. Epub 2008 Oct 10.
Antioxidant activity and composition of Israeli-grown marula ( Sclerocarrya birrea subsp. caffra) fruit juice and health-promoting aspects of juice consumption on serum lipids and lipoproteins pattern in healthy volunteers were studied. Marula juice was found to contain high vitamin C and potassium levels and low sugar concentration (267 mg dL (-1), 328 mg dL (-1), and 7.3 g dL (-1), respectively). The juice contains a significant level of phenolics (56 mg of pyrogallol equiv dL (-1)) and was found to be a potent antioxidant (382 mg of vitamin C equiv dL (-1)). The antioxidant activity was resistant to pasteurization regimens and long-term freezing and slowly decreased during refrigeration, losing up to 14% of its capacity after 4 weeks. Three-week administration of the juice as a food supplement to healthy subjects significantly reduced their serum total cholesterol (by 8%), LDL-cholesterol concentration (by 17%), and triglyceride level (by 7%), increased their serum HDL-cholesterol level (by 10%), and attenuated serum oxidative stress. Upon a 4 week "washout" period, most of these parameters returned toward baseline values. Separation of the juice soluble phenolics by HPLC produced potent antioxidant fractions, tentatively containing hydrolyzable tannins, catechins, and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, which could be responsible for the observed protection against atherosclerosis risk factors following marula fruit juice consumption.
研究了以色列种植的马鲁拉（Sclerocarrya birrea subsp. caffra）果汁的抗氧化活性和成分，以及饮用果汁对健康志愿者血清脂质和脂蛋白模式的健康促进作用。发现马鲁拉果汁含有高维生素C和钾含量以及低糖浓度（分别为267 mg dL（-1）、328 mg dL（-1）和7.3 g dL（-1））。该果汁含有大量酚类物质（56 mg焦性没食子酸当量dL（-1）），并被发现是一种有效的抗氧化剂（382 mg维生素C当量dL（-1））。抗氧化活性对巴氏杀菌方案和长期冷冻具有抗性，在冷藏期间缓慢下降，4周后损失高达14%的能力。将果汁作为食品补充剂给予健康受试者三周，可显著降低他们的血清总胆固醇（降低8%）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度（降低17%）和甘油三酯水平（降低7%），提高他们的血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平（提高10%），并减轻血清氧化应激。经过4周的“洗脱”期后，这些参数大多恢复到基线值。通过高效液相色谱法分离果汁中的可溶性酚类物质产生了有效的抗氧化组分，初步含有可水解单宁、儿茶素和羟基肉桂酸衍生物，这些可能是饮用马鲁拉果汁后观察到的对动脉粥样硬化危险因素的保护作用的原因。
