Livesey John H, Ellis M Jane, Evans Margaret J
Endolab, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
Clin Biochem Rev. 2008 Aug;29 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S11-5.
Correct test selection: a test must have the potential to alter patient management and have the specificity and sensitivity appropriate to the pretest probability of disease. Correct dynamic test procedure: dynamic tests may assist diagnosis and protocols must be readily available. Correct patient preparation: fasting, or other patient preparation, may reduce variability. Clear communication, to both patients and staff, of any such requirements is essential. Correct sample collection: the tube type (for blood) or container (for urine) must be appropriate for the analyte; there must be sufficient volume, avoidance of venous stasis, contaminants and haemolysis; and adequate labelling. Correct sample handling: the time and temperature before and after separation, and the centrifugation and separation procedures, must be suitable for the analyte. Accept/reject criteria must be defined. Methods require thorough evaluation of patient-related pre-analytical factors, and quantification of the effects of time, temperature, haemolysis, anticoagulant type and minimum allowable volume on sample suitability.
检测必须有可能改变患者的治疗管理，并且具有与疾病的检测前概率相适应的特异性和敏感性。正确的动态检测程序：动态检测可能有助于诊断，且必须随时可获取相关方案。正确的患者准备：禁食或其他患者准备措施可能会减少变异性。向患者和工作人员清晰传达任何此类要求至关重要。正确的样本采集：（用于血液的）试管类型或（用于尿液的）容器必须适合分析物；必须有足够的量，避免静脉淤滞、污染和溶血；并且要有适当的标签。正确的样本处理：分离前后的时间和温度，以及离心和分离程序，必须适合分析物。必须定义接受/拒绝标准。方法需要对与患者相关的分析前因素进行全面评估，并量化时间、温度、溶血、抗凝剂类型和最小允许体积对样本适用性的影响。
