Mazier M J, Jones P J
Division of Human Nutrition, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Prog Food Nutr Sci. 1991;15(1-2):21-41.
Consumption of saturated fats contributes to elevated circulating cholesterol levels, whilst either polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fats are linked to depressed levels. Since elevated serum cholesterol is a risk factor for coronary heart disease, it is of interest to understand the factors responsible for the responses elicited by dietary fat quality. Changes in faecal sterol excretion, exogenous cholesterol absorption, lipoprotein composition, and lipoprotein catabolism can coincide with changes in fat intake but may not necessary cause them. Whether or not rates of whole-body cholesterol synthesis respond to dietary fat quality is not known. To date, animal studies suggest that shifts in LDL receptor-mediated cholesterol transport are to blame for responses of circulating cholesterol levels to dietary fat.
食用饱和脂肪会导致循环胆固醇水平升高，而多不饱和脂肪或单不饱和脂肪则与胆固醇水平降低有关。由于血清胆固醇升高是冠心病的一个危险因素，因此了解饮食脂肪质量引发反应的相关因素很有意义。粪便固醇排泄、外源性胆固醇吸收、脂蛋白组成和脂蛋白分解代谢的变化可能与脂肪摄入量的变化同时发生，但不一定是由脂肪摄入量变化引起的。目前尚不清楚全身胆固醇合成速率是否会对饮食脂肪质量作出反应。迄今为止，动物研究表明，低密度脂蛋白受体介导的胆固醇转运变化是循环胆固醇水平对饮食脂肪产生反应的原因。
