Phytopathology. 2000 Jul;90(7):710-5. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO.2000.90.7.710.
ABSTRACT Nematicidal activity of essential oils extracted from 27 spices and aromatic plants were evaluated in vitro and in pot experiments. Twelve of the twenty-seven essential oils immobilized more than 80% of juveniles of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica at a concentration of 1,000 mul/liter. At this concentration, most of these oils also inhibited nematode hatching. Essential oils of Carum carvi, Foeniculum vulgare, Mentha rotundifolia, and Mentha spicata showed the highest nematicidal activity among the in vitro tested oils. These oils and those from Origanum vulgare, O. syriacum, and Coridothymus capitatus mixed in sandy soil at concentrations of 100 and 200 mg/kg reduced the root galling of cucumber seedlings in pot experiments. The main components of these essential oils were tested for their nematicidal activity. Carvacrol, t-anethole, thymol, and (+)-carvone immobilized the juveniles and inhibited hatching at >125 mul/liter in vitro. Most of these components mixed in sandy soil at concentrations of 75 and 150 mg/kg reduced root galling of cucumber seedlings. In 3-liter pot experiments, nematicidal activity of the essential oils and their components was confirmed at 200 and 150 mg/kg, respectively. The results suggest that the essential oils and their main components may serve as nematicides.
摘要 从 27 种香料和芳香植物中提取的精油的杀线虫活性在体外和盆栽试验中进行了评估。在 1000mul/L 的浓度下，这 27 种精油中的 12 种固定了超过 80%的根结线虫幼虫。在这个浓度下，这些油大多数也抑制了线虫孵化。在体外测试的油中，胡萝卜籽油、小茴香籽油、薄荷油和薄荷油表现出最高的杀线虫活性。这些油和牛至油、叙利亚牛至油和科里多托姆斯油在浓度为 100 和 200mg/kg 的沙壤土中混合，减少了盆栽试验中黄瓜幼苗的根结瘤。这些精油的主要成分进行了杀线虫活性测试。香芹酚、t-茴香脑、百里酚和(+)-香芹酮在体外 >125mul/L 时固定幼虫并抑制孵化。这些成分中的大多数在 75 和 150mg/kg 的浓度下混合在沙壤土中，减少了黄瓜幼苗的根结瘤。在 3 升盆试验中，精油及其成分在 200 和 150mg/kg 时证实了杀线虫活性。结果表明，精油及其主要成分可能作为杀线虫剂。
