Wahlström Lars, Michélsen Hans, Schulman Abbe, Backheden Magnus
Center for Family and Community Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm.
J Trauma Stress. 2008 Oct;21(5):463-70. doi: 10.1002/jts.20360.
The impact of traumatic exposure on psychological distress and posttraumatic stress was investigated at 14 months through self-report in 1,505 Swedish tourists who survived the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami. Exposure, differentiated in single and multiple types, was associated with different levels of impaired mental health measured by General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). Additionally, having sole exposure to subjective life threat brought about specific psychological effects. Some demographic factors are associated with outcome on either the GHQ or the IES-R. Identifying specific types of exposure of disaster survivors may be a way to identify individuals who could be screened for psychological ill health at a later point in time.
通过对1505名在2004年印度洋海啸中幸存的瑞典游客进行自我报告，在14个月时调查了创伤暴露对心理困扰和创伤后应激的影响。暴露分为单次和多次两种类型，与通过一般健康问卷（GHQ）和事件影响量表修订版（IES-R）测量的不同心理健康受损水平相关。此外，仅暴露于主观生命威胁会产生特定的心理影响。一些人口统计学因素与GHQ或IES-R的结果相关。识别灾难幸存者的特定暴露类型可能是一种识别那些在以后可能需要进行心理健康筛查的个体的方法。
