Strobel Gary A, Knighton Berk, Kluck Katreena, Ren Yuhao, Livinghouse Tom, Griffin Meghan, Spakowicz Daniel, Sears Joe
Department of Plant Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
Department of Chemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
Microbiology (Reading). 2008 Nov;154(Pt 11):3319-3328. doi: 10.1099/mic.0.2008/022186-0.
An endophytic fungus, Gliocladium roseum (NRRL 50072), produced a series of volatile hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon derivatives on an oatmeal-based agar under microaerophilic conditions as analysed by solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME)-GC/MS. As an example, this organism produced an extensive series of the acetic acid esters of straight-chained alkanes including those of pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, sec-octyl and decyl alcohols. Other hydrocarbons were also produced by this organism, including undecane, 2,6-dimethyl; decane, 3,3,5-trimethyl; cyclohexene, 4-methyl; decane, 3,3,6-trimethyl; and undecane, 4,4-dimethyl. Volatile hydrocarbons were also produced on a cellulose-based medium, including heptane, octane, benzene, and some branched hydrocarbons. An extract of the host plant, Eucryphia cordifolia (ulmo), supported the growth and hydrocarbon production of this fungus. Quantification of volatile organic compounds, as measured by proton transfer mass spectrometry (PTR-MS), indicated a level of organic substances in the order of 80 p.p.m.v. (parts per million by volume) in the air space above the oatmeal agar medium in an 18 day old culture. Scaling the PTR-MS profile the acetic acid heptyl ester was quantified (at 500 p.p.b.v.) and subsequently the amount of each compound in the GC/MS profile could be estimated; all yielded a total value of about 4.0 p.p.m.v. The hydrocarbon profile of G. roseum contains a number of compounds normally associated with diesel fuel and so the volatiles of this fungus have been dubbed 'myco-diesel'. Extraction of liquid cultures of the fungus revealed the presence of numerous fatty acids and other lipids. All of these findings have implications in energy production and utilization.
一种内生真菌，粉红粘帚霉（NRRL 50072），在微需氧条件下于燕麦片琼脂培养基上产生了一系列挥发性碳氢化合物和碳氢衍生物，通过固相微萃取（SPME）-气相色谱/质谱联用仪（GC/MS）进行分析。例如，这种微生物产生了一系列直链烷烃的乙酸酯，包括戊醇、己醇、庚醇、辛醇、仲辛醇和癸醇的乙酸酯。这种微生物还产生了其他碳氢化合物，包括2,6-二甲基十一烷、3,3,5-三甲基癸烷、4-甲基环己烯、3,3,6-三甲基癸烷和4,4-二甲基十一烷。在纤维素培养基上也产生了挥发性碳氢化合物，包括庚烷、辛烷、苯和一些支链碳氢化合物。宿主植物智利南美杉（ulmo）的提取物支持了这种真菌的生长和碳氢化合物的产生。通过质子转移质谱（PTR-MS）对挥发性有机化合物进行定量分析表明，在18天龄的培养物中，燕麦片琼脂培养基上方空气空间中的有机物质含量约为80 ppmv（体积百万分之一）。对PTR-MS图谱进行缩放后，对庚基乙酸酯进行了定量分析（为500 ppbv），随后可以估算GC/MS图谱中每种化合物的含量；所有化合物的总量约为4.0 ppmv。粉红粘帚霉的碳氢化合物谱包含许多通常与柴油燃料相关的化合物，因此这种真菌的挥发物被称为“真菌柴油”。对该真菌液体培养物的提取揭示了大量脂肪酸和其他脂质的存在。所有这些发现都对能源生产和利用具有重要意义。
