Mukherjee A, Rao K V Mohan, Ramesh U S
National Ship Design and Research Centre (NSDRC), Gandhigram, Visakhapatnam 530 005, India.
J Environ Manage. 2009 Feb;90 Suppl 1:S51-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.07.018. Epub 2008 Oct 30.
The concentrations of biocides leached from antifouling coatings are monitored in most of the developed countries. However, in India and many other developing countries, there is very little data available on the concentrations of biocides in ports and harbours. The first step was to obtain the order of magnitude levels of concentrations of biocides in the marine environment of the Visakhapatnam Harbour, and the MAM-PEC (Marine Antifoulant Model to Predict Environmental Concentrations) model was used to predict these values. The Visakhapatnam Port lies on the eastern coast of India, roughly halfway between Chennai and Kolkata, and is the largest port in India. This port is a natural harbour; the long and narrow outlet to the open sea makes it a 'poorly flushed' harbour. Predicted concentrations of tributyltin (TBT), copper, dichlofluanid, seanine, irgarol, diuron, tolylfluanid, and zinc pyrithione were computed. The results of the computations indicate that the levels of these biocides are comparable to those in many western countries. This gives credence to the fact that persistence of TBT and some other biocides is a global problem that cannot be ignored.
在大多数发达国家，都会监测从防污涂料中渗出的杀生剂浓度。然而，在印度和许多其他发展中国家，关于港口和海港中杀生剂浓度的数据非常少。第一步是获取维沙卡帕特南港海洋环境中杀生剂浓度的数量级水平，并使用MAM-PEC（预测环境浓度的海洋防污剂模型）模型来预测这些值。维沙卡帕特南港位于印度东海岸，大致在金奈和加尔各答之间的中间位置，是印度最大的港口。这个港口是一个天然海港；通向公海的狭长出口使其成为一个“冲洗不畅”的港口。计算了三丁基锡（TBT）、铜、二氯氟苯胺、西尼丁、乙菌利、敌草隆、甲苯氟磺胺和吡啶硫酮锌的预测浓度。计算结果表明，这些杀生剂的水平与许多西方国家的水平相当。这证实了TBT和其他一些杀生剂的持久性是一个不可忽视的全球性问题这一事实。
