Harris Nigel K, Cronin John B, Hopkins Will G, Hansen Keir T
Institute of Sport & Recreation Research New Zealand, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand.
J Strength Cond Res. 2008 Nov;22(6):1742-9. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318187458a.
Training at a load maximizing power output (Pmax) is an intuitively appealing strategy for enhancement of performance that has received little research attention. In this study we identified each subject's Pmax for an isoinertial resistance training exercise used for testing and training, and then we related the changes in strength to changes in sprint performance. The subjects were 18 well-trained rugby league players randomized to two equal-volume training groups for a 7-week period of squat jump training with heavy loads (80% 1RM) or with individually determined Pmax loads (20.0-43.5% 1RM). Performance measures were 1RM strength, maximal power at 55% of pretraining 1RM, and sprint times for 10 and 30 m. Percent changes were standardized to make magnitude-based inferences. Relationships between changes in these variables were expressed as correlations. Sprint times for 10 m showed improvements in the 80% 1RM group (-2.9 +/- 3.2%) and Pmax group (-1.3 +/- 2.2%), and there were similar improvements in 30-m sprint time (-1.9 +/- 2.8 and -1.2 +/- 2.0%, respectively). Differences in the improvements in sprint time between groups were unclear, but improvement in 1RM strength in the 80% 1RM group (15 +/- 9%) was possibly substantially greater than in the Pmax group (11 +/- 8%). Small-moderate negative correlations between change in 1RM and change in sprint time (r approximately -0.30) in the combined groups provided the only evidence of adaptive associations between strength and power outputs, and sprint performance. In conclusion, it seems that training at the load that maximizes individual peak power output for this exercise with a sample of professional team sport athletes was no more effective for improving sprint ability than training at heavy loads, and the changes in power output were not usefully related to changes in sprint ability.
在负荷最大化功率输出（Pmax）状态下进行训练，是一种直观上有吸引力的提高运动表现的策略，但很少受到研究关注。在本研究中，我们确定了用于测试和训练的等惯性阻力训练动作中每个受试者的Pmax，然后将力量变化与短跑成绩变化联系起来。受试者为18名训练有素的橄榄球联盟球员，随机分为两个等容量训练组，进行为期7周的深蹲跳训练，一组使用重负荷（80% 1RM），另一组使用个体确定的Pmax负荷（20.0 - 43.5% 1RM）。性能指标包括1RM力量、预训练1RM的55%时的最大功率，以及10米和30米的短跑时间。百分比变化进行了标准化，以便进行基于量级的推断。这些变量变化之间的关系以相关性表示。10米短跑时间在80% 1RM组提高了（-2.9 +/- 3.2%），在Pmax组提高了（-1.3 +/- 2.2%），30米短跑时间也有类似的提高（分别为-1.9 +/- 2.8%和-1.2 +/- 2.0%）。两组之间短跑时间改善的差异不明显，但80% 1RM组的1RM力量提高（15 +/- 9%）可能显著大于Pmax组（11 +/- 8%）。合并组中1RM变化与短跑时间变化之间存在小到中等程度的负相关（r约为 -0.30），这是力量与功率输出以及短跑表现之间适应性关联的唯一证据。总之，对于职业团队运动运动员样本，在此训练动作中以最大化个体峰值功率输出的负荷进行训练，在提高短跑能力方面似乎并不比重负荷训练更有效，且功率输出的变化与短跑能力的变化没有有效关联。
