Senstad Anita C, Surén Pål, Brauteset Lin, Eriksson Jan R, Høiby Ernst Arne, Wathne Karl-Olaf
Department of Paediatrics, Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Acta Paediatr. 2009 Feb;98(2):332-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2008.01088.x. Epub 2008 Oct 29.
To investigate the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children before the introduction of the 7-valent pneumococcal vaccine in the national vaccination programme.
For the period 21 May 2003 to 20 May 2005 hospitalization rates for pneumonia in children were obtained from retrospective studies of medical journals. Pneumonia was also studied prospectively in children less than sixteen years old referred to Ullevål University Hospital (Oslo) in the same time period.
The overall observed hospitalization rate of pneumonia was 14.7/10 000 (95% CI: 12.2-17.1), for children under five it was 32.8/10 000 (95% CI: 26.8-38.8), and for children under two 42.1/10 000 (95% CI: 32.0-52.3). In the clinical study 123 children, of whom 59% (73) were boys, met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled. Only 2.4% (3) had pneumonia complicated with pleural effusion and in general few complications were observed. No patients required assisted ventilation, and none were transferred to the intensive care unit. Penicillin was effective as treatment for pneumonia.
Pneumonia, seen in a paediatric department in Oslo, is a common but benign disease. Penicillin is effective as treatment for pneumonia in Norwegian children.
在国家疫苗接种计划引入7价肺炎球菌疫苗之前，调查儿童社区获得性肺炎（CAP）的流行病学和临床特征。
通过对医学期刊的回顾性研究，获取2003年5月21日至2005年5月20日期间儿童肺炎的住院率。同时，对同期转诊至奥斯陆大学医院（奥斯陆）的16岁以下儿童的肺炎情况进行前瞻性研究。
肺炎的总体观察住院率为14.7/10000（95%置信区间：12.2 - 17.1），5岁以下儿童为32.8/10000（95%置信区间：26.8 - 38.8），2岁以下儿童为42.1/10000（95%置信区间：32.0 - 52.3）。在临床研究中，123名儿童符合纳入标准并被纳入研究，其中59%（73名）为男孩。只有2.4%（3名）的儿童肺炎合并胸腔积液，总体观察到的并发症较少。没有患者需要辅助通气，也没有患者被转入重症监护病房。青霉素作为肺炎治疗药物有效。
在奥斯陆的儿科部门观察到的肺炎是一种常见但良性的疾病。青霉素对挪威儿童的肺炎治疗有效。
