Konecná Martina, Lhota Stanislav, Weiss Alexander, Urbánek Tomás, Adamová Tereza, Pluhácek Jan
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovská 31, Ceské Budĕjovice, Czech Republic.
J Comp Psychol. 2008 Nov;122(4):379-89. doi: 10.1037/a0012625.
The authors obtained behavioral observations and personality ratings for 27 free-ranging Hanuman langur males. Subjects were rated using a questionnaire based on the human Five-Factor Model (FFM). Behavioral observations were taken over 5 months using an ethogram that included 50 behaviors. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of ratings revealed Agreeableness_(R), Confidence_(R), and Extraversion_(R) components. Each personality dimension was associated with a unique set of observed behaviors. PCA of 36 behavioral indices revealed Dominance_(B), Involvement_(B), and Activity_(B) components. Bivariate correlations showed that Agreeableness_(R) was negatively correlated with Dominance_(B); Confidence_(R) was positively correlated with Dominance_(B) and Involvement_(B) but negatively correlated with Activity_(B); and Extraversion_(R) was positively correlated with Activity_(B). Dominance rank was positively correlated with Confidence_(R) and Dominance_(B) but negatively correlated with Agreeableness_(R) and Activity_(B). These results highlight the comparability of behavioral coding and personality ratings and suggest that some aspects of personality structure were present in the common ancestor of Old World monkeys.
作者对27只自由放养的哈努曼叶猴雄性进行了行为观察和性格评分。使用基于人类五因素模型（FFM）的问卷对受试者进行评分。使用包含50种行为的行为图谱在5个月内进行行为观察。评分的主成分分析（PCA）揭示了宜人性（R）、自信性（R）和外向性（R）成分。每个性格维度都与一组独特的观察到的行为相关联。对36个行为指标的主成分分析揭示了支配性（B）、参与性（B）和活动性（B）成分。双变量相关性表明，宜人性（R）与支配性（B）呈负相关；自信性（R）与支配性（B）和参与性（B）呈正相关，但与活动性（B）呈负相关；外向性（R）与活动性（B）呈正相关。优势等级与自信性（R）和支配性（B）呈正相关，但与宜人性（R）和活动性（B）呈负相关。这些结果突出了行为编码和性格评分的可比性，并表明性格结构的某些方面存在于旧世界猴子的共同祖先中。
