National Evolutionary Synthesis Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.
Sci Data. 2017 Oct 24;4:170146. doi: 10.1038/sdata.2017.146.
Researchers increasingly view animal personality traits as products of natural selection. We present data that describe the personalities of 128 eastern chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) currently living in or who lived their lives in the Kasekela and Mitumba communities of Gombe National Park, Tanzania. We obtained ratings on 24 items from an established, reliable, well-validated questionnaire used to study personality in captive chimpanzee populations. Ratings were made by former and present Tanzanian field assistants who followed individual chimpanzees for years and collected detailed behavioral observations. Interrater reliabilities across items ranged from acceptable to good, but the personality dimensions they formed were not as interpretable as those from captive samples. However, the personality dimensions corresponded to ratings of 24 Kasekela chimpanzees on a different questionnaire in 1973 that assessed some similar traits. These correlations established the repeatability and construct validity of the present ratings, indicating that the present data can facilitate historical and prospective studies that will lead to better understanding of the evolution of personality in chimpanzees and other primates.
研究人员越来越多地将动物的个性特征视为自然选择的产物。我们提供了目前生活在坦桑尼亚贡贝国家公园卡塞克拉和米通巴社区或在这些社区生活过的 128 只东部黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii）个性特征的数据。我们从用于研究圈养黑猩猩种群个性的经过验证的可靠问卷中获得了 24 个项目的评分。评分由曾在该地区工作的和现任的坦桑尼亚野外助手完成，他们多年来一直跟踪个体黑猩猩并收集详细的行为观察。各项之间的评分者间可靠性从可接受到良好不等，但它们所形成的个性维度不如来自圈养样本的那么可解释。然而，这些个性维度与 1973 年对卡塞克拉黑猩猩进行的另一项问卷评估中的某些相似特征的评分相关。这些相关性确立了目前评分的可重复性和结构有效性，表明目前的数据可以促进历史和前瞻性研究，从而更好地理解黑猩猩和其他灵长类动物个性的进化。
