Huffman Elizabeth A, Yard Ellen E, Fields Sarah K, Collins Christy L, Comstock R Dawn
Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
J Athl Train. 2008 Oct-Dec;43(6):624-30. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-43.6.624.
Although more than 7 million athletes participate in high school sports in the United States, to date no nationally representative studies of rare injuries and conditions (RICs) exist. Rare injuries and conditions include eye injuries, dental injuries, neck and cervical injuries, and dehydration and heat illnesses.
To describe the epidemiology of RICs sustained by high school athletes during the 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 school years.
Prospective cohort study.
A nationally representative sample of 100 US high schools using an injury surveillance system, High School Reporting Information Online.
Athletes participating in football, boys' soccer, girls' soccer, volleyball, boys' basketball, girls' basketball, wrestling, baseball, or softball at one of the 100 participating high schools.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): We reviewed all RICs to calculate injury rates and to identify potential risk factors and preventive measures.
A total of 321 RICs were sustained during 3 550 141 athlete-exposures (AEs), for an injury rate of 9.04 RICs per 100 000 AEs. This represents an estimated 84 223 RICs sustained nationally. The RICs accounted for 3.5% of all high school athletes' injuries. The most common diagnoses were neck and cervical injuries (62.0%, n = 199) and dehydration and heat illnesses (18.7%, n = 60). Football had the highest RIC rate per 100 000 AEs (21.2), followed by wrestling (15.2) and baseball (7.60). The RICs occurred at a higher rate in boys (12.4) than in girls (2.51) (rate ratio = 4.93; 95% confidence interval = 3.39, 7.18). The majority of RICs (67.3%, n = 216) permitted athletes to return to play within 1 week of diagnosis.
The RIC injury rates varied by sport and sex and represented almost 100 000 potentially preventable injuries to high school athletes. Because of the potentially serious consequences, future researchers must develop and implement more effective preventive measures to aid certified athletic trainers in decreasing the RIC incidence among high school athletes.
尽管在美国有超过700万运动员参加高中体育活动，但迄今为止，尚无关于罕见损伤和病症（RICs）的全国代表性研究。罕见损伤和病症包括眼部损伤、牙齿损伤、颈部和颈椎损伤以及脱水和热相关疾病。
描述2005 - 2006学年和2006 - 2007学年美国高中运动员发生的RICs的流行病学情况。
前瞻性队列研究。
使用“高中在线报告信息”损伤监测系统，从100所美国高中中选取具有全国代表性的样本。
在100所参与研究的高中之一参加橄榄球、男子足球、女子足球、排球、男子篮球、女子篮球、摔跤、棒球或垒球运动的运动员。
我们审查了所有RICs，以计算损伤发生率，并确定潜在风险因素和预防措施。
在3550141人次运动员暴露（AE）期间，共发生321例RICs，损伤发生率为每100000人次AE中有9.04例RICs。这代表全国估计发生84223例RICs。RICs占所有高中运动员损伤的3.5%。最常见的诊断是颈部和颈椎损伤（62.0%，n = 199）以及脱水和热相关疾病（18.7%，n = 60）。每100000人次AE中，橄榄球的RIC发生率最高（21.2），其次是摔跤（15.2）和棒球（7.60）。RICs在男性（12.4）中的发生率高于女性（2.51）（发生率比 = 4.93；95%置信区间 = 3.39，7.18）。大多数RICs（67.3%，n = 216）允许运动员在诊断后1周内重返赛场。
RICs的损伤发生率因运动项目和性别而异，对高中运动员而言，这代表着近100000例潜在可预防的损伤。鉴于可能产生的严重后果，未来的研究人员必须制定并实施更有效的预防措施，以帮助有资质的运动训练师降低高中运动员中RICs的发生率。
