Berliner Judith A, Leitinger Norbert, Tsimikas Sotirios
Department of Pathology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
J Lipid Res. 2009 Apr;50 Suppl(Suppl):S207-12. doi: 10.1194/jlr.R800074-JLR200. Epub 2008 Dec 4.
There is increasing evidence that oxidized phospholipids (OxPLs) play an important role in atherosclerosis. These phospholipids accumulate in human and mouse lesions. Specific OxPLs have been identified as major regulators of many cell types present in the vessel wall. In endothelial cells, >1,000 genes are regulated. Some of these genes are pro-atherogenic and others anti-atherogenic. The anti-atherogenic effects are likely important in slowing the atherogenic process. Several receptors and signaling pathways associated with OxPL action have been identified and shown to be upregulated in human lesions. A structural model of the mechanism by which specific OxPLs serve as CD36 ligands has been identified. Specific oxidized phospholipids are also present in plasma and associated with Lp(a) particles. In humans, OxPL/apolipoprotein B has been shown to be a prognostic indicator and a separate risk factor for coronary events. Levels of OxPL in plasma have been shown to be correlated with platelet activation. The results of these studies suggest an important role for OxPL in all stages of atherosclerosis.
越来越多的证据表明，氧化磷脂（OxPLs）在动脉粥样硬化中起重要作用。这些磷脂在人类和小鼠病变中积累。特定的氧化磷脂已被确定为血管壁中许多细胞类型的主要调节因子。在内皮细胞中，超过1000个基因受到调控。其中一些基因是促动脉粥样硬化的，而其他基因则是抗动脉粥样硬化的。抗动脉粥样硬化作用可能对减缓动脉粥样硬化进程很重要。已经确定了几种与氧化磷脂作用相关的受体和信号通路，并显示在人类病变中上调。已经确定了特定氧化磷脂作为CD36配体的作用机制的结构模型。特定的氧化磷脂也存在于血浆中，并与脂蛋白（a）颗粒相关。在人类中，氧化磷脂/载脂蛋白B已被证明是一种预后指标和冠状动脉事件的独立危险因素。血浆中氧化磷脂的水平已被证明与血小板活化相关。这些研究结果表明氧化磷脂在动脉粥样硬化的所有阶段都起着重要作用。
