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苏丹·巴耶济德二世建筑群:最早的医学院之一——建于1488年。

Sultan Bayezid II Külliyesi: one of the earliest medical schools--founded in 1488.

作者信息

Heybeli Nurettin

机构信息

Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Trakya University School of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey.

出版信息

Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2009 Sep;467(9):2457-63. doi: 10.1007/s11999-008-0645-1. Epub 2008 Dec 9.

Abstract

During the 8th to 13th centuries, Islamic medicine went through a golden age which influenced medical education and practice in the Ottomans, who conserved fundamental features of Islamic civilization. A külliye is an Ottoman architectural concept that designates a complex with a central mosque and a series of ancillary buildings surrounding it. Sultan Bayezid II Külliyesi of Edirne, Turkey is an early characteristic example with its sections, and in particular, with the medical school and hospital. The other constructed units were built to complete the hospital service in social, cultural, religious and financial aspects. This foundation (vakif, waqf in Arabic) of health was a trust with deeds that contain notable information regarding hospital management, and the duties, responsibilities, qualities, and proficiency standards requisite for physicians. The Külliye, established in the 15th century, provided substantial contributions to medical and scientific history, and patient care. Together with the history of the Külliye, I will focus on the medical books of the period, in particular works of Serefeddin Sabuncuoğlu who used the Turkish language instead of Arabic and color illustrations and his two books which were the main medical books of the period combining knowledge of Greek, Roman, Arabic, and Turkish acquirements.

摘要

在8至13世纪期间,伊斯兰医学经历了一个黄金时代,这一时代影响了奥斯曼帝国的医学教育和实践,奥斯曼帝国保留了伊斯兰文明的基本特征。“库利耶”是奥斯曼建筑概念,指的是一个带有中央清真寺及周围一系列附属建筑的建筑群。土耳其埃迪尔内的苏丹·贝耶济德二世库利耶就是一个早期的典型例子,它有各个部分,特别是医学院和医院。其他建筑单元的建造是为了在社会、文化、宗教和财政方面完善医院服务。这个健康基金会(土耳其语为vakif,阿拉伯语为waqf)是一份信托契约,其中包含有关医院管理以及医生所需职责、责任、品质和专业标准的重要信息。建于15世纪的库利耶对医学和科学史以及患者护理做出了重大贡献。连同库利耶的历史,我将重点关注那个时期的医学书籍,特别是使用土耳其语而非阿拉伯语并配有彩色插图的塞雷费丁·萨邦丘奥卢的著作,以及他的两本作为那个时期主要医学书籍的著作,这些著作融合了希腊、罗马、阿拉伯和土耳其的知识。

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