Klein Annette M, Zwickel Jan, Prinz Wolfgang, Frith Uta
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2009 Jun;62(6):1189-97. doi: 10.1080/17470210802384214. Epub 2008 Dec 10.
We presented three types of animations on an eye tracking monitor to 31 adult participants. In line with previous work, verbal descriptions of these animations indicate that one type (theory of mind or ToM) evokes mental state attributions, while another type (random) does not, with an intermediate category (goal-directed) evoking a moderate amount of mental state attributions. We expected longer fixations with greater depth of processing, which we assume is required for mental state attributions. In line with this expectation we found that the ToM animations invited long fixations; the random animations invited short fixations, while the goal-directed animations invited an intermediate amount of fixations, with some clips inviting shorter and others longer fixations. These findings demonstrate that it is possible to capture systematic differences in behaviour while viewing animations not only by means of a verbal measure, but also in terms of a simple measure of eye movements.
我们在眼动追踪显示器上向31名成年参与者展示了三种类型的动画。与之前的研究一致，对这些动画的口头描述表明，一种类型（心理理论或ToM）会引发心理状态归因，而另一种类型（随机）则不会，中间类别（目标导向）会引发适度的心理状态归因。我们预计，随着加工深度的增加，注视时间会更长，我们认为心理状态归因需要这种深度加工。符合这一预期的是，我们发现心理理论动画引发了长时间的注视；随机动画引发了短时间的注视，而目标导向动画引发的注视时间适中，有些片段引发的注视时间较短，有些则较长。这些发现表明，不仅可以通过言语测量，还可以通过简单的眼动测量来捕捉观看动画时行为的系统性差异。
