Roux Paul, Passerieux Christine, Ramus Franck
Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique, UMR 8554, CNRS-ENS-EHESS, Institut d'Étude de la Cognition, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2013;66(2):229-44. doi: 10.1080/17470218.2012.704052. Epub 2012 Aug 29.
Eye movements have been recently recorded in participants watching animated triangles in short movies that normally evoke mentalizing (Frith-Happé animations). Authors have found systematic differences in oculomotor behaviour according to the degree of mental state attribution to these triangles: Participants made longer fixations and looked longer at intentional triangles than at triangles moving randomly. However, no study has yet explored kinematic characteristics of Frith-Happé animations and their influence on eye movements. In a first experiment, we have run a quantitative kinematic analysis of Frith-Happé animations and found that the time triangles spent moving and the distance between them decreased with the mentalistic complexity of their movements. In a second experiment, we have recorded eye movements in 17 participants watching Frith-Happé animations and found that some differences in fixation durations and in the proportion of gaze allocated to triangles between the different kinds of animations were entirely explained by low-level kinematic confounds. We finally present a new eye-tracking measure of visual attention, triangle pursuit duration, which does differentiate the different types of animations even after taking into account kinematic cofounds. However, some idiosyncratic kinematic properties of the Frith-Happé animations prevent an entirely satisfactory interpretation of these results. The different eye-tracking measures are interpreted as implicit and line measures of the processing of animate movements.
最近，研究人员记录了参与者在观看通常会引发心理化的短片（弗里思 - 哈佩动画）中的动画三角形时的眼动情况。作者发现，根据对这些三角形的心理状态归因程度，眼动行为存在系统性差异：参与者对有意移动的三角形的注视时间更长，且看有意移动三角形的时间比看随机移动三角形的时间长。然而，尚无研究探讨弗里思 - 哈佩动画的运动学特征及其对眼动的影响。在第一个实验中，我们对弗里思 - 哈佩动画进行了定量运动学分析，发现三角形移动的时间以及它们之间的距离会随着其运动的心理化复杂性而减少。在第二个实验中，我们记录了17名观看弗里思 - 哈佩动画的参与者的眼动情况，发现不同类型动画之间在注视持续时间和分配给三角形的注视比例上的一些差异完全可以由低层次的运动学混淆因素来解释。我们最终提出了一种新的视觉注意力眼动追踪测量方法，即三角形追踪持续时间，即使在考虑了运动学混淆因素之后，它也能区分不同类型的动画。然而，弗里思 - 哈佩动画的一些特殊运动学特性使得对这些结果的完全令人满意的解释变得困难。不同的眼动追踪测量方法被解释为对有生命物体运动处理的隐性和线性测量。
