HIV/AIDS Program, Human Rights Watch, New York, USA.
J Int AIDS Soc. 2008 Dec 16;11:8. doi: 10.1186/1758-2652-11-8.
Among the earliest and the most enduring responses to the HIV/AIDS epidemic has been the imposition by governments of entry, stay, and residence restrictions for non-nationals living with HIV and AIDS. Sixty-six of the 186 countries in the world for which data are available currently have some form of restriction in place. Although international human rights law allows for discrimination in the face of public health considerations, such discrimination must be the least intrusive measure required to effectively address the public health concern. HIV-related travel restrictions, by contrast, not only do not protect public health, but result in deleterious effects both at the societal level - negatively impacting HIV prevention and treatment efforts - and at the individual level, affecting, in particular, labor migrants, refugee candidates, students, and short-term travelers. Governments should repeal these laws and policies, and instead devote legislative attention and national resources to comprehensive HIV prevention, care, and treatment programmes serving citizens and non-citizens alike.
在应对艾滋病疫情的最早和最持久的措施中，政府对携带艾滋病毒和艾滋病的非国民实施入境、停留和居留限制。在现有数据的 186 个国家中，有 66 个国家实施了某种形式的限制。尽管国际人权法允许在面对公共卫生考虑时进行歧视，但这种歧视必须是为有效解决公共卫生问题而采取的最具侵入性的措施。相比之下，与艾滋病毒相关的旅行限制不仅不能保护公共卫生，而且会在社会层面产生有害影响——对艾滋病毒的预防和治疗工作产生负面影响——并在个人层面产生影响，特别是影响到劳务移民、难民申请人、学生和短期旅行者。各国政府应废除这些法律和政策，而将立法注意力和国家资源用于为公民和非公民提供全面的艾滋病毒预防、护理和治疗方案。
