Mitterer Holger, McQueen James M
Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Wundtlaan, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2009 Feb;35(1):244-63. doi: 10.1037/a0012730.
Two experiments examined how Dutch listeners deal with the effects of connected-speech processes, specifically those arising from word-final /t/ reduction (e.g., whether Dutch [tas] is tas, bag, or a reduced-/t/ version of tast, touch). Eye movements of Dutch participants were tracked as they looked at arrays containing 4 printed words, each associated with a geometrical shape. Minimal pairs (e.g., tas/tast) were either both above (boven) or both next to (naast) different shapes. Spoken instructions (e.g., "Klik op het woordje tas boven de ster," [Click on the word bag above the star]) thus became unambiguous only on their final words. Prior to disambiguation, listeners' fixations were drawn to /t/-final words more when boven than when naast followed the ambiguous sequences. This behavior reflects Dutch speech-production data: /t/ is reduced more before /b/ than before /n/. We thus argue that probabilistic knowledge about the effect of following context in speech production is used prelexically in perception to help resolve lexical ambiguities caused by continuous-speech processes.
两项实验研究了荷兰语听众如何处理连读过程的影响，特别是那些由词尾/t/脱落引起的影响（例如，荷兰语中的[tas]是tas（包），还是tast（触摸）的/t/脱落形式）。当荷兰参与者看着包含4个印刷单词的阵列时，他们的眼动被追踪，每个单词都与一个几何形状相关联。最小对立体（例如，tas/tast）要么都在不同形状的上方（boven），要么都在其旁边（naast）。因此，口头指令（例如，“Klik op het woordje tas boven de ster”，[点击星星上方的单词包]）只有在其最后一个单词时才变得明确。在消除歧义之前，当模糊序列后面跟着boven时，听众对以/t/结尾的单词的注视比对跟着naast时更多。这种行为反映了荷兰语语音产生的数据：/t/在/b/之前比在/n/之前脱落得更多。因此，我们认为，关于语音产生中后续语境影响的概率性知识在词汇前的感知中被用来帮助解决由连续语音过程引起的词汇歧义。
