Cell Biology and Molecular Aging Research, Institute for Molecular Preventive Medicine, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.
Antioxid Redox Signal. 2009 Jul;11(7):1733-40. doi: 10.1089/ars.2008.2379.
The thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) system consists of two oxidoreductases, thioredoxin reductase and Trx-1. Trx-1 is a ubiquitously expressed oxidoreductase. The cellular functions of Trx-1 are wide range. They include protein disulfide reduction, DNA synthesis, protection from apoptosis, redox regulation of a variety of proteins, transcription factors and reduction of H(2)O(2), respectively. This review will first focus on the essential role for Trx-1 in different cardiovascular cells, namely smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and cardiomyocytes. Thereby, the review will demonstrate the predominant role of Trx-1 to limit oxidative stress directly due to reactive oxygen species scavenging and by protein-protein interaction with key signaling molecules. Second, this review will highlight the role of Trx-1 in cardiovascular aging, focusing on its importance on shear stress and the profound changes with age. Finally, the review will focus on important in vivo studies showing a protective role of Trx-1 in different cardiovascular diseases. Thus, the Trx system and Trx-1 could be important future targets to develop clinical therapies for cardiovascular disorders.
硫氧还蛋白-1（Trx-1）系统由两种氧化还原酶组成，即硫氧还蛋白还原酶和 Trx-1。Trx-1 是一种广泛表达的氧化还原酶。其细胞功能广泛，包括蛋白二硫键还原、DNA 合成、抗细胞凋亡、多种蛋白、转录因子的氧化还原调节以及 H(2)O(2)的还原。本综述首先将重点关注 Trx-1 在不同心血管细胞（即平滑肌细胞、内皮细胞和心肌细胞）中的重要作用。由此，本综述将证明 Trx-1 通过清除活性氧物质直接限制氧化应激以及与关键信号分子的蛋白-蛋白相互作用的主要作用。其次，本综述将重点介绍 Trx-1 在心血管衰老中的作用，重点关注其对切应力的重要性以及随年龄的深刻变化。最后，本综述将重点介绍显示 Trx-1 在不同心血管疾病中具有保护作用的重要体内研究。因此，Trx 系统和 Trx-1 可能是开发心血管疾病临床治疗方法的重要未来靶点。
