Gao Jianming, Chen Lizhang, Zhou Jia, Peng Jieying
School of Medicine, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China.
J Oral Pathol Med. 2009 Jan;38(1):24-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2008.00708.x.
To evaluate and analyze the risk factors for burning mouth syndrome (BMS).
Eighty-seven consecutive patients with BMS and a randomly selected control group (n = 82) were comprehensively investigated with a self-designed questionnaire, Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). A complete blood count and serum sex hormone were also examined in patients with BMS and control subjects. All the data obtained were transferred to a data bank and analyzed statistically in SPSS 11.5 for windows.
No statistical difference between the BMS group and the control group was found in blood analyses including white blood cell count, red blood cell count, hemoglobin and platelet count. Among the menopausal or postmenopausal women with BMS, the follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) level was significantly higher, but the estradiol level was significantly lower. The BMS group reported adverse life events more frequently than the control group. Patients with BMS significantly exhibited symptoms of somatization, and both the scores of anxiety, depression in patients with BMS were higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). A regression equation which included six variables had been established by using logistic regression analysis, indicating that the habit of tongue thrusting, lip sucking, periodontitis, smoking, outcome of recent medication, depression were the principal risk factors, among which tongue thrusting was the most significant.
Our study indicated that BMS may be of psychological origin, and the measures such as refraining from oral parafunctional activities, removing local irritating factors, stopping smoking, good mental health status could help in the prevention of BMS.
评估和分析灼口综合征（BMS）的危险因素。
采用自行设计的问卷、焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表（SDS），对87例连续的BMS患者及随机选取的对照组（n = 82）进行全面调查。同时对BMS患者和对照者进行血常规及血清性激素检查。将所获全部数据录入数据库，采用SPSS 11.5 for windows软件进行统计学分析。
在包括白细胞计数、红细胞计数、血红蛋白及血小板计数的血液分析中，BMS组与对照组间未发现统计学差异。在患有BMS的绝经或绝经后女性中，促卵泡生成素（FSH）水平显著升高，而雌二醇水平显著降低。BMS组报告不良生活事件的频率高于对照组。BMS患者明显表现出躯体化症状，且BMS患者的焦虑、抑郁评分均高于对照组（P < 0.05）。通过逻辑回归分析建立了一个包含六个变量的回归方程，表明伸舌习惯、吮唇习惯、牙周炎、吸烟、近期用药结果、抑郁是主要危险因素，其中伸舌习惯最为显著。
我们的研究表明，BMS可能源于心理因素，避免口腔副功能活动、去除局部刺激因素、戒烟、保持良好的心理健康状态等措施有助于预防BMS。
