van Kempen Elise E M M, van Kamp Irene, Stellato Rebecca K, Lopez-Barrio Isabel, Haines Mary M, Nilsson Mats E, Clark Charlotte, Houthuijs Danny, Brunekreef Bert, Berglund Birgitta, Stansfeld Stephen A
National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Centre for Environmental Health Research, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2009 Feb;125(2):895-904. doi: 10.1121/1.3058635.
Since annoyance reactions of children to environmental noise have rarely been investigated, no source specific exposure-response relations are available. The aim of this paper is to investigate children's reactions to aircraft and road traffic noise and to derive exposure-response relations. To this end, children's annoyance reactions to aircraft and road traffic noise in both the home and the school setting were investigated using the data gathered in a cross-sectional multicenter study, carried out among 2844 children (age 9-11 years) attending 89 primary schools around three European airports. An exposure-response relation was demonstrated between exposure to aircraft noise at school (L(Aeq,7-23 h)) and severe annoyance in children: after adjustment for confounders, the percentage severely annoyed children was predicted to increase from about 5.1% at 50 dB to about 12.1% at 60 dB. The findings were consistent across the three samples. Aircraft noise at home (L(Aeq,7-23 h)) demonstrated a similar relation with severe annoyance. Children attending schools with higher road traffic noise (L(Aeq,7-23 h)) were more annoyed. Although children were less annoyed at levels above 55 dB, the shapes of the exposure-response relations found among children were comparable to those found in their parents.
由于儿童对环境噪声的烦恼反应很少被研究，因此没有特定来源的暴露-反应关系可用。本文的目的是研究儿童对飞机和道路交通噪声的反应，并推导暴露-反应关系。为此，利用在一项横断面多中心研究中收集的数据，对2844名（9至11岁）就读于欧洲三个机场周边89所小学的儿童在家庭和学校环境中对飞机和道路交通噪声的烦恼反应进行了调查。研究表明，学校暴露于飞机噪声（L(Aeq,7-23 h)）与儿童的严重烦恼之间存在暴露-反应关系：在对混杂因素进行调整后，预计严重烦恼儿童的百分比将从50分贝时的约5.1%增加到60分贝时的约12.1%。这一发现在所研究的三个样本中是一致的。家庭中的飞机噪声（L(Aeq,7-23 h)）与严重烦恼之间也呈现出类似的关系。就读于道路交通噪声（L(Aeq,7-23 h)）较高学校的儿童更烦恼。尽管儿童在55分贝以上的水平时烦恼程度较低，但在儿童中发现的暴露-反应关系的形状与在其父母中发现的类似。
