Holly Jan E, Vrublevskis Arturs, Carlson Lindsay E
Department of Mathematics, Colby College, Waterville, ME 04901, USA.
J Vestib Res. 2008;18(4):171-86.
Illusory perceptions of motion and orientation arise during human centrifuge runs without vision. Asymmetries have been found between acceleration and deceleration, and between forward-facing and backward-facing runs. Perceived roll tilt has been studied extensively during upright fixed-carriage centrifuge runs, and other components have been studied to a lesser extent. Certain, but not all, perceptual asymmetries in acceleration-vs-deceleration and forward-vs-backward motion can be explained by existing analyses. The immediate acceleration-deceleration roll-tilt asymmetry can be explained by the three-dimensional physics of the external stimulus; in addition, longer-term data has been modeled in a standard way using physiological time constants. However, the standard modeling approach is shown in the present research to predict forward-vs-backward-facing symmetry in perceived roll tilt, contradicting experimental data, and to predict perceived sideways motion, rather than forward or backward motion, around a curve. The present work develops a different whole-motion-based model taking into account the three-dimensional form of perceived motion and orientation. This model predicts perceived forward or backward motion around a curve, and predicts additional asymmetries such as the forward-backward difference in roll tilt. This model is based upon many of the same principles as the standard model, but includes an additional concept of familiarity of motions as a whole.
在无视觉的人体离心机运行过程中会出现运动和方向的错觉感知。已发现加速与减速之间以及向前运行与向后运行之间存在不对称性。在直立固定托架离心机运行过程中，对感知到的侧倾倾斜进行了广泛研究，而对其他分量的研究较少。现有分析可以解释加速与减速以及向前与向后运动中某些但并非所有的感知不对称性。即时加速 - 减速侧倾倾斜不对称性可以用外部刺激的三维物理学来解释；此外，长期数据已使用生理时间常数以标准方式进行建模。然而，本研究表明，标准建模方法预测的感知侧倾倾斜中向前与向后对称与实验数据相矛盾，并且预测的是围绕曲线的侧向运动感知，而非向前或向后运动感知。本研究开发了一种不同的基于整体运动的模型，该模型考虑了感知运动和方向的三维形式。该模型预测围绕曲线的向前或向后运动感知，并预测其他不对称性，如侧倾倾斜中的前后差异。该模型基于许多与标准模型相同的原理，但包括了整体运动熟悉度这一额外概念。
