Gaspar Adélio R, Quintela Divo A
ADAI, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Pólo II, 3030-788, Coimbra, Portugal.
Int J Biometeorol. 2009 May;53(3):221-30. doi: 10.1007/s00484-009-0207-6. Epub 2009 Feb 13.
The present paper describes a physical model that estimates the globe and the natural wet bulb temperatures from the main parameters generally recorded at meteorological weather stations, in order to predict the wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) heat stress index for outdoor environments. The model is supported by a thermal analysis of the globe and the natural wet bulb temperature sensors. The results of simultaneous measurements of the WBGT and climatological parameters (solar radiation, wind velocity, humidity, etc.) are presented and used to validate the model. The final comparison between calculated and measured values shows a good agreement with the experimental data, with a maximum absolute deviation of 2.8% for the globe temperature and 2.6% for the natural wet bulb temperature and the WBGT index. The model is applied to the design reference year for Coimbra, Portugal, in order to illustrate its preventative capabilities from a practical point of view. The results clearly show that during the summer there is a critical daily period (1200-1600 hours, local standard time) during which people working outdoors should not be allowed to perform their normal activities.
本文描述了一个物理模型，该模型可根据气象站通常记录的主要参数估算黑球温度和自然湿球温度，以便预测室外环境的湿球黑球温度（WBGT）热应力指数。该模型得到了黑球和自然湿球温度传感器的热分析支持。给出了WBGT与气候参数（太阳辐射、风速、湿度等）同步测量的结果，并用于验证该模型。计算值与测量值的最终比较表明，与实验数据吻合良好，黑球温度的最大绝对偏差为2.8%，自然湿球温度和WBGT指数的最大绝对偏差为2.6%。该模型应用于葡萄牙科英布拉的设计基准年，以便从实际角度说明其预防能力。结果清楚地表明，在夏季，存在一个关键的每日时段（当地标准时间12:00至16:00），在此期间，不应允许户外工作的人员进行正常活动。
