Griefahn B
University of Dortmund, Department of Environmental Physiology and Occupational Medicine, Germany.
Ergonomics. 1997 Feb;40(2):223-34. doi: 10.1080/001401397188314.
The present study examined 2 hypotheses: Irrespective of the actual composition of thermal factors, the course of acclimation is similar in hot climates which are equivalent in terms of the WBGT. Acclimation to a defined hot thermal environment confers equal acclimation to any other equivalent climate. These hypotheses were supported with 3 substantially different but equivalent climates with WBGTs between 33.4 and 33.6 degrees C. Eight subjects (6 male, 2 female, 19-32 yrs) executed a treadmill walk (4 x 25 min, 4 km/h, 0 degree) while exposed to either a warm-humid, a hot-dry or a radiant heat condition on 15 consecutive days. On the following 2 days, those adapted to the warm-humid or to the radiant heat condition were exposed to the hot-dry climate and those adapted to the latter were exposed to the warm-humid climate. During the experiments, rectal temperatures, skin temperatures at three sites (forehead, chest, leg) and heart rates were measured continuously. Sweat loss was determined by weighing the subjects before and after the daily trials and during the breaks. At the same time, the subjects rated their actual well-being. Disregarding minor differences during the courses of acclimation, both hypotheses were verified.
无论热因素的实际构成如何,在湿球黑球温度(WBGT)相当的炎热气候中,适应过程是相似的。适应特定的炎热热环境会使人对任何其他等效气候产生同等程度的适应。这两个假设在WBGT在33.4至33.6摄氏度之间的三种截然不同但等效的气候条件下得到了支持。八名受试者(6名男性,2名女性,年龄19 - 32岁)在连续15天内,分别在暖湿、干热或辐射热环境下进行跑步机行走(4次,每次25分钟,速度4公里/小时,坡度0度)。在接下来的两天里,那些适应了暖湿或辐射热环境的受试者被暴露于干热气候中,而那些适应了干热气候的受试者则被暴露于暖湿气候中。在实验过程中,连续测量直肠温度、三个部位(额头、胸部、腿部)的皮肤温度和心率。通过在每日试验前后以及休息期间对受试者称重来确定出汗量。同时,受试者对他们当时的舒适程度进行评分。忽略适应过程中的微小差异,两个假设均得到了验证。