Byrnes Edmond J, Bildfell Robert J, Frank Sheryl A, Mitchell Thomas G, Marr Kieren A, Heitman Joseph
Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2009 Apr 1;199(7):1081-6. doi: 10.1086/597306.
Cryptococcus neoformans frequently causes fungal meningitis in immunocompromised patients, whereas the related species C. gattii is restricted to tropical and subtropical regions,where it usually infects immunocompetent individuals.An outbreak of C. gattii infection that began in 1999 on Vancouver Island has resulted in endemic C. gattii infection and caused numerous human and veterinary infections; the outbreak's range has spread to mainland British Columbia. The outbreak-related isolates have been molecular type VGIIa, the major genotype, or VGIIb, the minor genotype. Since 2006, human and veterinary cases of C. gattii infection have emerged in Washington and Oregon. Multilocus sequence typing demonstrates the spread of C. gattii VGIIa and VGIIb from Vancouver Island to the Pacific Northwest. Clinical strains recovered in Oregon represent a unique VGIIc genotype.
新型隐球菌经常在免疫功能低下的患者中引起真菌性脑膜炎，而相关物种加氏隐球菌则局限于热带和亚热带地区，通常感染免疫功能正常的个体。1999年始于温哥华岛的加氏隐球菌感染疫情已导致加氏隐球菌地方性感染，并引发了众多人类和兽医感染病例；疫情范围已蔓延至不列颠哥伦比亚省大陆。与疫情相关的分离株为分子类型VGIIa（主要基因型）或VGIIb（次要基因型）。自2006年以来，华盛顿州和俄勒冈州出现了人类和兽医加氏隐球菌感染病例。多位点序列分型显示加氏隐球菌VGIIa和VGIIb从温哥华岛传播到太平洋西北部。在俄勒冈州分离出的临床菌株代表一种独特的VGIIc基因型。
