Fatima M, Nawaz H, Kassi M, Rehman R, Kasi P M, Kassi M, Afghan A K, Baloch S N
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bolan Medical College, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan.
Singapore Med J. 2009 Jan;50(1):20-8.
Osteoporosis-related bone fractures are a significant public health problem. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of osteoporosis among Pakistani women and identify modifiable risk factors.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in an obstetrics / gynaecology setting during March-April 2007 in Quetta, Pakistan. A total of 334 women older than 20 years of age underwent quantitative ultrasonography and were interviewed to find out the risk factors for osteoporosis. Bone mineral density was assessed by the speed of sound using a quantitative ultrasound device. The sociodemographic characteristics of normal, osteopenic and osteoporotic women were compared using the chi-square test for categorical variables and ANOVA for continuous variables. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the independent predictors of being osteopenic or osteoporotic.
146 (43.7 percent) women were reported to be normal, 145 (43.4 percent) were osteopenic and 43 (12.9 percent) were osteoporotic. The mean age and standard deviation of the participants were 36.7 years +/- 13.0 years, with a body mass index (BMI) of 25.81 (standard deviation 5.10) kg per square metre. In the univariate analysis, factors that were associated with osteoporosis / osteopenia included age, parity, BMI, smoking (pack years), consumption of calcium-rich food/week, personal and family history of osteoporosis, education and socioeconomic status (p-value is less than 0.05). Using binary logistic regression with osteoporosis / osteopenia as an outcome compared to normal individuals, BMI, smoking pack years, a family history of osteoporosis / fracture and house ownership were found to be independent predictors of the outcome.
The prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia is high, especially among young Pakistani women, and is associated with modifiable risk factors.
骨质疏松相关的骨折是一个重大的公共卫生问题。本研究的目的是确定巴基斯坦女性中骨质疏松症的患病率，并识别可改变的风险因素。
2007年3月至4月在巴基斯坦奎达的妇产科环境中进行了一项横断面研究。共有334名20岁以上的女性接受了定量超声检查，并接受访谈以找出骨质疏松症的风险因素。使用定量超声设备通过声速评估骨矿物质密度。对于分类变量，使用卡方检验比较正常、骨量减少和骨质疏松女性的社会人口学特征；对于连续变量，使用方差分析。二元逻辑回归用于确定骨量减少或骨质疏松的独立预测因素。
据报告，146名（43.7%）女性正常，145名（43.4%）骨量减少，43名（12.9%）骨质疏松。参与者的平均年龄和标准差分别为36.7岁±13.0岁，体重指数（BMI）为每平方米25.81（标准差5.10）千克。在单变量分析中，与骨质疏松症/骨量减少相关的因素包括年龄、产次、BMI、吸烟（包年数）、每周富含钙食物的摄入量、个人和家族骨质疏松症病史、教育程度和社会经济地位（p值小于0.05）。以骨质疏松症/骨量减少为结果与正常个体相比进行二元逻辑回归分析，发现BMI、吸烟包年数、骨质疏松症/骨折家族史和房屋所有权是该结果的独立预测因素。
骨质疏松症和骨量减少的患病率很高，尤其是在年轻的巴基斯坦女性中，并且与可改变的风险因素相关。
