Zeiler Kristin
The Division of Health and Society, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Med Health Care Philos. 2009 Jun;12(2):137-45. doi: 10.1007/s11019-009-9186-y. Epub 2009 Feb 19.
Our approach to global bioethics will depend, among other things, on how we answer the questions whether global bioethics is possible and whether it, if it is possible, is desirable. Our approach to global bioethics will also vary depending on whether we believe that the required bioethical deliberation should take as its principal point of departure that which we have in common or that which we have in common and that on which we differ. The aim of this article is to elaborate a theoretical underpinning for a bioethics that acknowledges the diversity of traditions and experiences without leading to relativism. The theoretical underpinning will be elaborated through an exploration of the concepts of sameness, otherness, self and other, and through a discussion of the conditions for understanding and critical reflection. Furthermore, the article discusses whether the principle of respect for the other as both the same and different can function as the normative core of this global bioethics. The article also discusses the New Jersey Death Definition Law and the Japanese Transplantation Law. These laws are helpful in order to highlight possible implications of the principle of respect for the other as both the same and different. Both of these laws open the door to more than one concept of death within one and the same legal system. Both of them relate preference for a particular concept of death to religious and/or cultural beliefs.
我们对全球生物伦理学的探讨，除其他因素外，将取决于我们如何回答全球生物伦理学是否可行以及如果可行是否可取的问题。我们对全球生物伦理学的探讨也会因我们是否认为所需的生物伦理审议应以我们的共同点或我们的共同点以及我们的不同点作为主要出发点而有所不同。本文的目的是阐述一种生物伦理学的理论基础，这种生物伦理学承认传统和经验的多样性而不导致相对主义。将通过探讨相同性、他异性、自我与他者的概念，以及通过讨论理解和批判性反思的条件来阐述这一理论基础。此外，本文还讨论了将尊重他者既视为相同又视为不同的原则能否作为这种全球生物伦理学的规范核心。本文还讨论了新泽西州死亡定义法和日本移植法。这些法律有助于突出尊重他者既视为相同又视为不同的原则可能产生的影响。这两部法律在同一个法律体系内为不止一种死亡概念打开了大门。它们都将对特定死亡概念的偏好与宗教和/或文化信仰联系起来。
