Zupan V, Leyronnas D, Dehan M
Service de néonatalogie, Hôpital Antoine-Béclère, Clamart.
Rev Mal Respir. 1991;8(4):351-65.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is one of the most serious complications of neonatal intensive care. This chronic lung disease usually follows early pulmonary injuries. Surfactant defect, oxygen toxicity and barotrauma are three major factors leading to diffuse alveolar and bronchiolar damage, first step of BPD. BPD usually appears in preterm infants and correlates with degree of prematurity and the severity of neonatal distress syndrome. Infants with BPD frequently have poor outcome; the mortality rate is near 30%. The long-term survival prognosis is uncertain with a risk of bronchopathy in adulthood. Until date, current management of BDP is unsuccessful. New strategies are required to prevent neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and decrease its severity.
支气管肺发育不良（BPD）是新生儿重症监护中最严重的并发症之一。这种慢性肺部疾病通常继发于早期肺部损伤。表面活性剂缺陷、氧中毒和气压伤是导致弥漫性肺泡和细支气管损伤的三个主要因素，这是BPD的第一步。BPD通常出现在早产儿中，并且与早产程度和新生儿窘迫综合征的严重程度相关。患有BPD的婴儿预后通常较差；死亡率接近30%。长期生存预后不确定，成年后有患支气管病的风险。迄今为止，目前对BDP的治疗并不成功。需要新的策略来预防新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征并降低其严重程度。
