Meneses Rocío, Ocazionez Raquel E, Martínez Jairo R, Stashenko Elena E
Centro Nacional de Investigaciones para la Agroindustrialización de Especies Vegetales Aromáticas y Medicinales Tropicales, CENIVAM, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2009 Mar 6;8:8. doi: 10.1186/1476-0711-8-8.
An antiviral drug is needed for the treatment of patients suffering from yellow fever. Several compounds present in plants can inactive in vitro a wide spectrum of animal viruses.
In the present study the inhibitory effect of essential oils of Lippia alba, Lippia origanoides, Oreganum vulgare and Artemisia vulgaris on yellow fever virus (YFV) replication was investigated.
The cytotoxicity (CC(50)) on Vero cells was evaluated by the MTT reduction method. The minimum concentration of the essential oil that inhibited virus titer by more than 50% (MIC) was determined by virus yield reduction assay. YFV was incubated 24 h at 4 degrees C with essential oil before adsorption on Vero cell, and viral replication was carried out in the absence or presence of essential oil. Vero cells were exposed to essential oil 24 h at 37 degrees C before the adsorption of untreated-virus.
The CC(50) values were less than 100 microg/mL and the MIC values were 3.7 and 11.1 microg/mL. The CC(50)/MIC ratio was of 22.9, 26.4, 26.5 and 8.8 for L. alba, L origanoides, O. vulgare and A. vulgaris, respectively. The presence of essential oil in the culture medium enhances the antiviral effect: L. origanoides oil at 11.1 microg/mL produced a 100% reduction of virus yield, and the same result was observed with L. alba, O. vulgare and A. vulgaris oils at 100 microg/mL. No reduction of virus yield was observed when Vero cells were treated with essential oil before the adsorption of untreated-virus.
The essential oils evaluated in the study showed antiviral activities against YFV. The mode of action seems to be direct virus inactivation.
治疗黄热病患者需要一种抗病毒药物。植物中存在的几种化合物在体外可使多种动物病毒失活。
本研究调查了白 Lippia alba、牛至叶 Lippia origanoides、牛至 Oreganum vulgare 和普通蒿 Artemisia vulgaris 的精油对黄热病毒（YFV）复制的抑制作用。
采用MTT 还原法评估对 Vero 细胞的细胞毒性（CC50）。通过病毒产量减少试验确定抑制病毒滴度超过 50%的精油最低浓度（MIC）。在吸附到 Vero 细胞之前，将 YFV 与精油在 4℃孵育 24 小时，并在有无精油的情况下进行病毒复制。在吸附未处理病毒之前，将 Vero 细胞在 37℃下暴露于精油 24 小时。
CC50 值小于 100μg/mL，MIC 值分别为 3.7 和 11.1μg/mL。白 Lippia alba、牛至叶 Lippia origanoides、牛至 Oreganum vulgare 和普通蒿 Artemisia vulgaris 的 CC50/MIC 比值分别为 22.9、26.4、26.5 和 8.8。培养基中精油的存在增强了抗病毒效果：11.1μg/mL 的牛至叶 Lippia origanoides 油使病毒产量降低 100%，100μg/mL 的白 Lippia alba、牛至 Oreganum vulgare 和普通蒿 Artemisia vulgaris 油也观察到相同结果。在吸附未处理病毒之前用精油处理 Vero 细胞时，未观察到病毒产量降低。
本研究中评估的精油对 YFV 显示出抗病毒活性。作用方式似乎是直接使病毒失活。
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