Doran Pauline M
School of Biological Sciences and Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, VIC 3800, Australia.
Biotechnol Bioeng. 2009 May 1;103(1):60-76. doi: 10.1002/bit.22280.
The aim of this review is to critically assess the benefits and limitations associated with the use of in vitro plant cell and organ cultures as research tools in phytoremediation studies. Plant tissue cultures such as callus, cell suspensions, and hairy roots are applied frequently in phytoremediation research as model plant systems. In vitro cultures offer a range of experimental advantages in studies aimed at examining the intrinsic metabolic capabilities of plant cells and their capacity for toxicity tolerance. The ability to identify the contributions of plant cells to pollutant uptake and detoxification without interference from microorganisms is of particular significance in the search for fundamental knowledge about plants. However, if the ultimate goal of plant tissue culture experiments is the development of practical phytoremediation technology, the limitations inherent in the use of in vitro cultures as a representative of whole plants in the field must be recognized. The bioavailability of contaminants and the processes of pollutant uptake and metabolite distribution are likely to be substantially different in the two systems; this can lead to qualitative as well as quantitative differences in metabolic profiles and tolerance characteristics. Yet, many studies have demonstrated that plant tissue cultures are an extremely valuable tool in phytoremediation research. The results derived from tissue cultures can be used to predict the responses of plants to environmental contaminants, and to improve the design and thus reduce the cost of subsequent conventional whole plant experiments.
本综述的目的是批判性地评估在植物修复研究中使用体外植物细胞和器官培养作为研究工具的益处和局限性。植物组织培养，如愈伤组织、细胞悬浮液和毛状根，在植物修复研究中经常作为模型植物系统使用。在旨在研究植物细胞内在代谢能力及其耐毒性能力的研究中，体外培养具有一系列实验优势。在寻找关于植物的基础知识时，能够确定植物细胞对污染物吸收和解毒的贡献而不受微生物干扰具有特别重要的意义。然而，如果植物组织培养实验的最终目标是开发实用的植物修复技术，那么必须认识到将体外培养作为田间整株植物代表使用时所固有的局限性。两种系统中污染物的生物有效性以及污染物吸收和代谢物分布过程可能存在很大差异；这可能导致代谢谱和耐受特性在定性和定量上的差异。然而，许多研究表明，植物组织培养是植物修复研究中极其有价值的工具。从组织培养中获得的结果可用于预测植物对环境污染物的反应，并改进后续常规整株植物实验的设计，从而降低成本。
