Turano Kathleen A, Munoz Beatriz, Hassan Shirin E, Duncan Donald D, Gower Emily W, Roche Karen B, Keay Lisa, Munro Cynthia A, West Sheila K
Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Wilmer Room 129, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2009 May;64(3):348-55. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbp017. Epub 2009 Apr 9.
The aims of this study were to determine whether perceived sense of direction was associated with the driving space of older drivers and whether the association was different between genders. Participants (1,425 drivers aged 67-87 years) underwent a battery of visual and cognitive tests and completed various questionnaires. Sense of direction was assessed using the Santa Barbara Sense of Direction (SBSOD) scale. Driving space was assessed by both the driving space component of the Driving Habits Questionnaire and log maximum area driven. Analyses were performed using generalized linear models. The SBSOD score was lower in women than in men and significantly associated with log driving area in women but not in men. The SBSOD score also showed a significant association with women's self-reported driving restriction. The findings emphasize the need to explore the role of psychological factors, and include gender, in driving studies and models.
本研究的目的是确定方向感是否与老年驾驶员的驾驶空间相关，以及这种关联在性别之间是否存在差异。参与者（1425名年龄在67至87岁之间的驾驶员）接受了一系列视觉和认知测试，并完成了各种问卷调查。使用圣巴巴拉方向感（SBSOD）量表评估方向感。通过驾驶习惯问卷的驾驶空间部分和记录的最大驾驶面积来评估驾驶空间。使用广义线性模型进行分析。女性的SBSOD得分低于男性，并且与女性的记录驾驶面积显著相关，而与男性无关。SBSOD得分还与女性自我报告的驾驶限制显著相关。研究结果强调了在驾驶研究和模型中探索心理因素（包括性别）作用的必要性。
