Joly M F, Foggin P M, Pless I B
Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Soc Sci Med. 1991;33(7):765-9. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(91)90375-m.
This paper deals with geographical and socio-ecological variations of pedestrian and cyclist accidents (n = 1233) among children (less than 15 years) on the Island of Montreal. The model includes variables on each child and his behavior when the accident happened and other temporal and spatial characteristics; environmental and socio-ecological data on the areas in which accidents occurred were also recorded. Descriptive, spatial and comparative analyses show specific patterns of location and occurrence of accidents. Factor analysis identifies the structure of characteristics linked to high accident areas for children's traffic accidents. A strong similarity between zone characteristics emerged from the factor analysis for both types of accident. Only a few census tracts (between 9% to 13%) are high accident areas, but they are very concentrated spatially, and for some of them (2% for pedestrians and 4% for cyclists) the rate is five to eight times higher than for the rest of the urban area. Population structure and density factors contribute 40% of the variation in accident rates. In terms of numbers, fewer children were injured as cyclists than as pedestrians, and more boys than girls are involved in these accidents. Accidents occur under good conditions of visibility and on straight streets. Parked cars in school areas are also a sign of danger. Difficulties in interpreting information on directions and speed of moving vehicles are associated with high accident frequencies, particularly for young pedestrians (6-7 years).
本文探讨了蒙特利尔岛上15岁以下儿童行人与骑自行车者事故（n = 1233）的地理和社会生态差异。该模型包括每个儿童及其事故发生时行为的变量以及其他时间和空间特征；还记录了事故发生地区的环境和社会生态数据。描述性、空间和比较分析显示了事故发生的具体位置和模式。因子分析确定了与儿童交通事故高事故区相关的特征结构。两种事故类型的因子分析都显示出区域特征之间有很强的相似性。只有少数普查区（9%至13%）是高事故区，但它们在空间上非常集中，其中一些区域（行人事故为2%，骑自行车者事故为4%）的事故发生率比城市其他地区高五到八倍。人口结构和密度因素占事故发生率变化的40%。从数量上看，骑自行车受伤的儿童比行人少，且这些事故中男孩比女孩多。事故发生在能见度良好的条件下和直道上。学校区域停放的汽车也是危险信号。解读行驶车辆方向和速度信息的困难与高事故频率相关，尤其是对年幼行人（6 - 7岁）而言。
