Swithers Susan E, Baker Chelsea R, Davidson T L
Department of Psychological Sciences, Ingestive Behavior Research Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Behav Neurosci. 2009 Aug;123(4):772-80. doi: 10.1037/a0016139.
In an earlier work (S. E. Swithers & T. L. Davidson, 2008), rats provided with a fixed amount of a yogurt diet mixed with saccharin gained more weight and showed impaired caloric compensation relative to rats given the same amount of yogurt mixed with glucose. The present 4 experiments examined the generality of these findings and demonstrated that increased body weight gain was also demonstrated when animals consumed a yogurt diet sweetened with an alternative high-intensity sweetener (acesulfame potassium; AceK) as well as in animals given a saccharin-sweetened base diet (refried beans) that was calorically similar but nutritionally distinct from low-fat yogurt. These studies also extended earlier findings by showing that body weight differences persist after saccharin-sweetened diets are discontinued and following a shift to a diet sweetened with glucose. In addition, rats first exposed to a diet sweetened with glucose still gain additional weight when subsequently exposed to a saccharin-sweetened diet. The results of these experiments add support to the hypothesis that exposure to weak or nonpredictive relationships between sweet tastes and caloric consequences may lead to positive energy balance.
在早期的一项研究中（S.E.斯威瑟斯和T.L.戴维森，2008年），相对于食用等量混合葡萄糖的酸奶的大鼠，食用等量混合糖精的酸奶饮食的大鼠体重增加更多，且热量补偿受损。目前的4项实验检验了这些发现的普遍性，并证明当动物食用用另一种高强度甜味剂（乙酰磺胺酸钾；安赛蜜钾）加糖的酸奶饮食时，以及食用与低脂酸奶热量相似但营养不同的含糖精甜味基础饮食（炸豆泥）的动物时，体重也会增加。这些研究还扩展了早期的发现，表明在停止含糖精甜味的饮食并转而食用葡萄糖甜味的饮食后，体重差异仍然存在。此外，首次接触葡萄糖甜味饮食的大鼠在随后接触糖精甜味饮食时仍会额外增重。这些实验的结果为以下假设提供了支持，即接触甜味与热量后果之间微弱或不可预测的关系可能导致正能量平衡。
