Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Wageningen University, PO Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands.
New Phytol. 2009 Jun;182(4):817-828. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02849.x.
Nonhost resistance to plant pathogens can be constitutive or induced by microbes. Successful pathogens suppress microbe-induced plant defences by delivering appropriate effectors, which are apparently not sufficiently effective on nonhost plant species, as can be concluded from the strong host specificity of many biotroph plant pathogens. Such effectors act on particular plant targets, such as promoters or motifs in expressed sequences. Despite much progress in the elucidation of the molecular aspects of nonhost resistance to plant pathogens, very little is known about the genes that determine whether effectors can or cannot suppress the basal defence. In hosts they can, in nonhosts they cannot. The targets determining the host status of plants can be identified in inheritance studies. Recent reports have indicated that nonhost resistance is inherited polygenically, and exhibits strong similarity and association with the basal resistance of plants to adapted pathogens.
非寄主植物对植物病原体的抗性可以是组成型的，也可以被微生物诱导产生。成功的病原体通过输送适当的效应子来抑制微生物诱导的植物防御，这在非寄主植物物种上显然不够有效，这可以从许多生物寄生病原体的强烈宿主特异性中得出结论。这些效应子作用于特定的植物靶标，例如表达序列中的启动子或基序。尽管在阐明植物对植物病原体的非寄主抗性的分子方面取得了很大进展，但对于决定效应子是否能够抑制基础防御的基因知之甚少。在寄主中可以，在非寄主中则不行。决定植物宿主状态的靶标可以通过遗传研究来确定。最近的报告表明，非寄主抗性是多基因遗传的，并表现出与植物对适应性病原体的基础抗性的强烈相似性和关联性。
