Nikaido A M, Ellinwood E H, Heatherly D G, Gupta S K
Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1990;100(1):90-7. doi: 10.1007/BF02245796.
The differential sensitivity of young and elderly healthy adults to the impairment effects of benzodiazepines was assessed by tasks with several levels of difficulty. Using a double-blind procedure, single doses of placebo, alprazolam (0.75 and 1.5 mg) and triazolam (0.25 and 0.5 mg) were ingested orally by 10 young men, 9 young women, 7 elderly men, and 10 elderly women. Order of drug administration was determined by a random Latin square design. Different versions of the subcritical tracking and digit symbol substitution tasks were characterized by three difficulty levels. Assessments of task performance were conducted at varying intervals for 7 h after drug administration. Both drugs induced a rapid initial onset of impairment in the two age groups. Evidence of increased drug sensitivity in the elderly was provided by the more prolonged duration of the pharmacologic effect in the older than young subjects, especially for the harder versions of the SCT and DSS tasks. In summary, the data provide support for the hypothesis of an age-related decline in the adaptive capacity to inhibit adverse drug effects.
通过具有不同难度水平的任务，评估了年轻和老年健康成年人对苯二氮䓬类药物损害作用的差异敏感性。采用双盲程序，10名年轻男性、9名年轻女性、7名老年男性和10名老年女性口服单剂量的安慰剂、阿普唑仑（0.75毫克和1.5毫克）和三唑仑（0.25毫克和0.5毫克）。药物给药顺序由随机拉丁方设计确定。亚临界追踪和数字符号替换任务的不同版本具有三个难度水平。在给药后7小时内，以不同间隔对任务表现进行评估。两种药物在两个年龄组中均引起快速的初始损害发作。老年受试者药物作用持续时间比年轻受试者更长，尤其是在SCT和DSS任务较难版本中，这为老年人药物敏感性增加提供了证据。总之，数据支持了与年龄相关的抑制药物不良反应适应能力下降这一假说。
