Crop and Environment Research Centre, Harper Adams University College, Newport, UK.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2009 Apr;26(4):496-506. doi: 10.1080/02652030802530679.
Each year (2001-2005), 300 samples of wheat from fields of known agronomy were analysed for ten trichothecenes by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) including deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol, 3-acetyl-DON, 15-acetyl-DON, fusarenone X, T2 toxin, HT2 toxin, diacetoxyscirpenol, neosolaniol and T-2 triol and zearalenone by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Of the eleven mycotoxins analysed from 1624 harvest samples of wheat, only eight were detected, and of these only five-deoxynivalenol, 15-acetyl-DON, nivalenol, HT-2 and zearalenone-were detected above 100 microg kg(-1). DON was the most frequently detected Fusarium mycotoxin, present above the limit of quantification (10 microg kg(-1)) in 86% of samples, and was usually present at the highest concentration. The percentage of samples that would have exceeded the recently introduced legal limits varied between 0.4% and 11.3% over the five-year period. There was a good correlation between DON and zearalenone concentrations, although the relative concentration of DON and zearalenone fluctuated between years. Year and region had a significant effect on all mycotoxins analysed. There was no significant difference in the DON concentration of organic and conventional samples. There was also no significant difference in the concentration of zearalenone between organic and conventional samples, however organic samples did have a significantly lower concentration of HT2 and T2. Overall, the risk of UK wheat exceeding the newly introduced legal limits for Fusarium mycotoxins in cereals intended for human consumption is low, but the percentage of samples above these limits will fluctuate between years.
每年（2001-2005 年），采用气相色谱-质谱法（GC/MS）对 300 个来自特定农田的小麦样本进行了十种单端孢霉烯族毒素的分析，包括脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）、雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、3-乙酰-DON、15-乙酰-DON、伏马菌素 X、T2 毒素、HT2 毒素、二乙酰基交链孢酚、新茄病镰刀菌醇和 T-2 三醇以及玉米赤霉烯酮。在对 1624 个小麦收获样本进行的 11 种真菌毒素分析中，仅检测到 8 种，其中仅 5-脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、15-乙酰-DON、雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、HT-2 和玉米赤霉烯酮的浓度超过 100μg/kg。DON 是最常检测到的镰刀菌真菌毒素，86%的样本超过了定量限（10μg/kg），通常浓度最高。在五年期间，超过新引入的法定限量的样本百分比在 0.4%到 11.3%之间变化。DON 和玉米赤霉烯酮浓度之间存在良好的相关性，尽管 DON 和玉米赤霉烯酮的相对浓度在各年之间波动。年份和地区对所有分析的真菌毒素都有显著影响。有机和常规样本的 DON 浓度没有显著差异。有机和常规样本的玉米赤霉烯酮浓度也没有显著差异，但有机样本的 HT2 和 T2 浓度明显较低。总体而言，英国用于人类消费的谷物中镰刀菌真菌毒素新引入的法定限量超标风险较低，但这些限量以上的样本百分比将在各年之间波动。
