Bengmark S, Mesa M D, Gil A
Institute of Hepatology, University College London Medical School, London.
Nutr Hosp. 2009 May-Jun;24(3):273-81.
Plants contain numerous polyphenols, which have been shown to reduce inflammation and hereby to increase resistance to disease. Examples of such polyphenols are isothiocyanates in cabbage and broccoli, epigallocatechin in green tee, capsaicin in chili peppers, chalones, rutin and naringenin in apples, resveratrol in red wine and fresh peanuts and curcumin/curcuminoids in turmeric. Most diseases are maintained by a sustained discreet but obvious increased systemic inflammation. Many studies suggest that the effect of treatment can be improved by a combination of restriction in intake of proinflammatory molecules such as advanced glycation end products (AGE), advanced lipoperoxidation end products (ALE), and rich supply of antiinflammatory molecules such as plant polyphenols. To the polyphenols with a bulk of experimental documentation belong the curcuminoid family and especially its main ingredient, curcumin. This review summarizes the present knowledge about these turmericderived ingredients, which have proven to be strong antioxidants and inhibitors of cyclooxigenase-2 (COX-2), lipoxygenase (LOX) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) but also AGE. A plethora of clinical effects are reported in various experimental diseases, but clinical studies in humans are few. It is suggested that supply of polyphenols and particularly curcuminoids might be value as complement to pharmaceutical treatment, but also prebiotic treatment, in conditions proven to be rather therapy-resistant such as Crohn's, long-stayed patients in intensive care units, but also in conditions such as cancer, liver cirrhosis, chronic renal disease, chronic obstructive lung disease, diabetes and Alzheimer's disease.
植物含有大量多酚，已证明这些多酚可减轻炎症，从而增强抗病能力。这类多酚的例子包括卷心菜和西兰花中的异硫氰酸盐、绿茶中的表没食子儿茶素、辣椒中的辣椒素、苹果中的查耳酮、芦丁和柚皮苷、红酒和新鲜花生中的白藜芦醇以及姜黄中的姜黄素/姜黄素类化合物。大多数疾病是由持续的、虽不明显但显著增加的全身性炎症维持的。许多研究表明，通过限制摄入促炎分子（如晚期糖基化终产物（AGE）、晚期脂质过氧化终产物（ALE））并大量供应抗炎分子（如植物多酚），可以提高治疗效果。有大量实验文献记载的多酚属于姜黄素类化合物家族，尤其是其主要成分姜黄素。这篇综述总结了目前关于这些源自姜黄的成分的知识，这些成分已被证明是强大的抗氧化剂，也是环氧合酶-2（COX-2）、脂氧合酶（LOX）和核因子κB（NF-κB）以及AGE的抑制剂。在各种实验性疾病中都报道了大量临床效果，但人体临床研究较少。有人认为，在克罗恩病、重症监护病房长期住院患者等已证明对治疗相当耐药的病症中，以及在癌症、肝硬化、慢性肾病、慢性阻塞性肺病、糖尿病和阿尔茨海默病等病症中，供应多酚尤其是姜黄素类化合物可能作为药物治疗乃至益生元治疗的补充具有价值。
