Research Area Gene Technology and Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Chemical Engineering, TU Vienna, Getreidemarkt, A-1060 Vienna, Austria.
Biotechnol Biofuels. 2009 Sep 1;2:19. doi: 10.1186/1754-6834-2-19.
Hypocrea jecorina (= Trichoderma reesei) is the main industrial source of cellulases and hemicellulases used to depolymerise plant biomass to simple sugars that are converted to chemical intermediates and biofuels, such as ethanol. Cellulases are formed adaptively, and several positive (XYR1, ACE2, HAP2/3/5) and negative (ACE1, CRE1) components involved in this regulation are now known. In addition, its complete genome sequence has been recently published, thus making the organism susceptible to targeted improvement by metabolic engineering. In this review, we summarise current knowledge about how cellulase biosynthesis is regulated, and outline recent approaches and suitable strategies for facilitating the targeted improvement of cellulase production by genetic engineering.
栓菌（=里氏木霉）是用于将植物生物质解聚成可转化为化学中间体和生物燃料（如乙醇）的简单糖的纤维素酶和半纤维素酶的主要工业来源。纤维素酶是适应性形成的，现在已知有几个参与这种调节的正（XYR1、ACE2、HAP2/3/5）和负（ACE1、CRE1）成分。此外，它的完整基因组序列最近已经公布，因此使该生物容易受到代谢工程的靶向改良。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前关于纤维素酶生物合成如何被调节的知识，并概述了最近的方法和合适的策略，以促进通过遗传工程有针对性地提高纤维素酶的生产。
