Fields Sherecce, Leraas Kristen, Collins Christine, Reynolds Brady
Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA.
Behav Pharmacol. 2009 Sep;20(5-6):455-60. doi: 10.1097/FBP.0b013e328330dcff.
There has been a wealth of research providing evidence for the relationship between stress and cigarette smoking during adolescence. Despite this knowledge, little is known about possible behavioral mechanisms by which stress exerts its influence on the decision to smoke. This study sought to examine one such behavioral characteristic, delay discounting, that may mediate the relationship between stress and cigarette smoking. Delay discounting generally refers to the discounting of value for outcomes because they are delayed; and high rates of delay discounting have been linked to impulsive behavior. For the current research, adolescent smokers (n = 50) and nonsmokers (n = 50) were compared using a self-report measure of perceived stress and a laboratory assessment of delay discounting. Smokers tended to report higher levels of stress and to discount more by delay, and there was a significant association between reported stress and delay discounting. In addition, delay discounting mediated the relationship between stress and cigarette smoking status. These results suggest that discounting by delay may be a behavior through which stress exerts influence on an adolescent's decision to smoke.
已有大量研究为青少年时期压力与吸烟之间的关系提供了证据。尽管有了这些认识，但对于压力影响吸烟决策的可能行为机制却知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨一种可能介导压力与吸烟之间关系的行为特征——延迟折扣。延迟折扣通常是指因结果延迟而对其价值进行折扣；高延迟折扣率与冲动行为有关。在当前研究中，使用感知压力的自我报告量表和延迟折扣的实验室评估对50名青少年吸烟者和50名非吸烟者进行了比较。吸烟者往往报告更高水平的压力，并且因延迟而折扣更多，报告的压力与延迟折扣之间存在显著关联。此外，延迟折扣介导了压力与吸烟状况之间的关系。这些结果表明，延迟折扣可能是压力影响青少年吸烟决策的一种行为方式。
