Department of Dental Hygiene, Busan Women's College, Busanjin-Gu, Busan, Korea.
J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Oct 14;57(19):8793-7. doi: 10.1021/jf9019745.
Astaxanthin is a carotenoid with powerful antioxidant properties that exists naturally in various plants, algae, and seafood. The purpose of the present study is to examine the protective action of astaxanthin against high-glucose-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs). To assess the efficacy of astaxanthin, several key markers and activities were measured, including lipid peroxidation, total reactive species (RS), superoxide (O(2)), nitric oxide (NO), and peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)), as well as expressions of inflammatory proteins, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) nuclear translocation, and levels of Bcl2/Bax protein. Results showed that astaxanthin effectively suppressed lipid peroxidation, total RS, O(2), NO, ONOO(-), iNOS and COX-2 protein levels, NF-kappaB nuclear translocation, and pro-apototic Bax, whereas it increased anti-apoptotic Bcl2 protein levels. On the basis of these findings, it was concluded that in PTECs, astaxanthin has a protective efficacy against several deleterious effects caused by high glucose exposure and proposed that astaxanthin should be explored further as a potential antidiabetic remedy for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
虾青素是一种具有强大抗氧化性能的类胡萝卜素，天然存在于各种植物、藻类和海鲜中。本研究旨在探讨虾青素对高糖诱导的近端肾小管上皮细胞（PTEC）氧化应激、炎症和细胞凋亡的保护作用。为了评估虾青素的疗效，测量了几个关键标志物和活性，包括脂质过氧化、总活性氧（RS）、超氧自由基（O(2)）、一氧化氮（NO）和过氧亚硝酸盐（ONOO(-)），以及炎症蛋白、诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）和环氧化酶-2（COX-2）、核因子-κB（NF-κB）核转位和 Bcl2/Bax 蛋白水平的表达。结果表明，虾青素能有效抑制脂质过氧化、总 RS、O(2)、NO、ONOO(-)、iNOS 和 COX-2 蛋白水平、NF-κB 核转位和促凋亡 Bax，而增加抗凋亡 Bcl2 蛋白水平。基于这些发现，得出结论，虾青素对高糖暴露引起的几种有害作用具有保护作用，并且提议进一步探索虾青素作为治疗糖尿病肾病的潜在抗糖尿病药物的可能性。
