Jin Yi He, Liu Wei, Sato Itaru, Nakayama Shoji F, Sasaki Kazuaki, Saito Norimitsu, Tsuda Shuji
School of Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, PR China.
Chemosphere. 2009 Oct;77(5):605-11. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.08.058. Epub 2009 Sep 22.
There is a great concern about global contamination with persistent fluoroorganic compounds including perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), however, few data are available on the environmental levels of these chemicals in China. In the present study, therefore, environmental or tap water samples collected from various regions of China were assayed for PFOS and PFOA by solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technique. Median concentrations (maximum concentration) of PFOS and PFOA in environmental water were 0.4 (2.4) and 0.1 (1.3) ngL(-1) for the remote area (n=13), 4.0 (14.1) and 3.9 (30.8) ngL(-1) for the urban area (n=22), respectively. Systematic survey was also conducted in the Hun River (n=11) and the Yangtze River (n=34). In the Hun River, the median of PFOS concentration was 4.9ngL(-1), while PFOA was below the limit of quantitation (0.1ngL(-1)) at many of the sampling sites. The Yangtze River was moderately contaminated with both chemicals: median concentration was 4.2ngL(-1) for PFOS and 5.4ngL(-1) for PFOA. Remarkably high concentration of PFOA was found at 2 sampling sites of the Yangtze River (110.6 and 297.5ngL(-1)), but the concentration had declined to the average level at the next sampling site in both cases. Many cities provided tap water with low levels of PFOS and PFOA, however, tap water in Guangzhou and Shenzhen exceeded 10ngL(-1) for both chemicals. This study revealed obvious presence of perfluorinated compounds spread out the entire territory of China, and the levels in urban area of China were almost comparable to those in the US, Europe and Japan.
全球对包括全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）和全氟辛酸（PFOA）在内的持久性氟有机化合物污染问题高度关注，然而，关于这些化学品在中国环境中的含量数据却很少。因此，在本研究中，采用固相萃取和液相色谱 - 质谱技术对从中国不同地区采集的环境水样或自来水样进行了PFOS和PFOA检测。偏远地区（n = 13）环境水中PFOS和PFOA的中位浓度（最大浓度）分别为0.4（2.4）和0.1（1.3）ngL⁻¹，城区（n = 22）分别为4.0（14.1）和3.9（30.8）ngL⁻¹。还对浑河（n = 11）和长江（n = 34）进行了系统调查。在浑河，PFOS浓度的中位数为4.9ngL⁻¹，而在许多采样点，PFOA低于定量限（0.1ngL⁻¹）。长江受到这两种化学品的中度污染：PFOS的中位浓度为4.2ngL⁻¹，PFOA为5.4ngL⁻¹。在长江的两个采样点发现了异常高的PFOA浓度（110.6和297.5ngL⁻¹），但在这两种情况下，下一个采样点的浓度都降至平均水平。许多城市的自来水中PFOS和PFOA含量较低，然而，广州和深圳的自来水中这两种化学品的含量均超过10ngL⁻¹。本研究表明全氟化合物在中国全境明显存在，中国城区的含量水平与美国、欧洲和日本的几乎相当。
