School of Nursing, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Patient Educ Couns. 2010 May;79(2):192-8. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2009.08.016. Epub 2009 Sep 30.
The Dietary Intake Monitoring Application (DIMA) is an electronic dietary self-monitor developed for use on a personal digital assistant (PDA). This paper describes how computer, information, numerical, and visual literacy were considered in development of DIMA.
An iterative, participatory design approach was used. Forty individuals receiving hemodialysis at an urban inner-city facility, primarily middle-aged and African American, were recruited.
Computer literacy was considered by assessing abilities to complete traditional/nontraditional PDA tasks. Information literacy was enhanced by including a Universal-Product-Code (UPC) scanner, picture icons for food with no UPC code, voice recorder, and culturally sensitive food icons. Numerical literacy was enhanced by designing DIMA to compute real-time totals that allowed individuals to see their consumption relative to their dietary prescription. Visual literacy was considered by designing the graphical interface to convey intake data over a 24-h period that could be accurately interpreted by patients. Pictorial icons for feedback graphs used objects understood by patients.
Preliminary data indicate the application is extremely helpful for individuals as they self-monitor their intake. If desired, DIMA could also be used for dietary counseling.
饮食摄入监测应用程序（DIMA）是一款为个人数字助理（PDA）开发的电子饮食自我监测应用程序。本文介绍了在开发 DIMA 时如何考虑计算机、信息、数字和视觉素养。
采用迭代、参与式设计方法。在城市中心区的一家机构中招募了 40 名接受血液透析的个体，主要是中老年人和非裔美国人。
通过评估完成传统/非传统 PDA 任务的能力来考虑计算机素养。通过包括通用产品代码（UPC）扫描仪、没有 UPC 代码的食物图片图标、语音记录器和文化敏感的食物图标来增强信息素养。通过设计 DIMA 来计算实时总数，使个人能够看到他们的消费与饮食处方的相对关系，从而增强了数字素养。通过设计图形界面来传达 24 小时内的摄入数据，使患者能够准确解释，从而考虑了视觉素养。用于反馈图的图片图标使用患者理解的对象。
初步数据表明，该应用程序在个人自我监测摄入时非常有帮助。如果需要，DIMA 也可用于饮食咨询。
