Najera J A
Malaria Action Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Parassitologia. 1990 Aug;32(2):215-29.
A rapid review is made of the history of malaria control, calling attention to differences between the evolution of the technical concepts, the formulated strategies and their implementation. Particular emphasis is placed on the discussion of the present situation of the world malaria problem and the difficulties faced by many endemic countries in adopting a malaria control strategy, based on primary health care, while their services are vertically organized for the performance of routines, which are irrelevant for disease control. The present malaria control strategy recognizes local variability, but it is possible to identify a limited number of types of situations, likely to respond to similar approaches. The definition not only of the control approaches but also of their conditions of applicability will become more precise as experiences are accumulated and adequately documented from different types of epidemiological situations. It is postulated that historical research on the malaria control and public health approaches, with proper attention being given to their socioeconomic and political context, in the countries which succeeded in controlling endemic malaria, will make an important contribution to such a definition.
本文快速回顾了疟疾控制的历史，提请注意技术概念的演变、制定的策略及其实施之间的差异。特别强调讨论世界疟疾问题的现状，以及许多疟疾流行国家在采用基于初级卫生保健的疟疾控制策略时所面临的困难，因为这些国家的服务是按照垂直体系组织的，执行的是与疾病控制无关的常规工作。当前的疟疾控制策略认识到地方差异，但有可能识别出有限数量的情况类型，这些情况可能对类似方法有反应。随着从不同类型的流行病学情况中积累经验并进行充分记录，不仅控制方法的定义，而且其适用条件的定义都将变得更加精确。据推测，对成功控制疟疾流行的国家中疟疾控制和公共卫生方法进行历史研究，并适当关注其社会经济和政治背景，将对这一定义做出重要贡献。
