Department of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, 250 Princes Highway, Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia.
Parasitology. 2010 Mar;137(3):521-35. doi: 10.1017/S0031182009991260. Epub 2009 Oct 16.
Taeniid eggs contain an infective larval form of the parasite, known as the oncosphere, which has been found to be highly susceptible to attack by the host's immune system and this fact has been exploited in the development of highly effective vaccines. Relatively little is known about the structure of taeniid oncospheres and the localization of host-protective antigens within or on the oncosphere. Here, we briefly review the current state of knowledge of the structure of the oncosphere and present preliminary data on the localization of a host-protective antigen within the oncospheres of Taenia ovis. The precise localization of the antigens, in the context of a detailed knowledge of the ultrastructure of the parasite, may reveal the immune mechanisms by which the taeniid parasites are killed by vaccine-induced immune responses, which, in turn, may provide clues about how vaccines could be developed against other parasitic helminths.
带绦虫卵中含有寄生虫的感染性幼虫形式，称为囊尾蚴，已知其极易受到宿主免疫系统的攻击，这一事实已被用于开发高效疫苗。关于带绦虫囊尾蚴的结构以及囊尾蚴内或表面宿主保护性抗原的定位，我们知之甚少。在这里，我们简要回顾了囊尾蚴结构的现有知识状况，并介绍了在绵羊带绦虫囊尾蚴中定位一种宿主保护性抗原的初步数据。在了解寄生虫超微结构的背景下，抗原的精确定位可能揭示寄生虫被疫苗诱导的免疫反应杀死的免疫机制，这反过来又可能为针对其他寄生虫的疫苗开发提供线索。
