South-Bohemia University, Ceské Budejovice, Faculty of Public Health and Social Studies, Czech Republic.
Physiol Res. 2009;58 Suppl 1:S7-S11. doi: 10.33549/physiolres.931858.
Osteoporosis is a systemic disease of the skeleton, characterized by reduction of bone mass and concurrent deterioration of bone structure. Consequently, bones are more fragile, and there is increased risk of fractures. The potential for acquisition of maximum bone mass is influenced by a number of factors. Among those are heredity, sex, nutrition, endocrine factors, mechanical influences and some risk factors. The best documented nutrient for metabolism of bone is calcium. Major role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis have some micro and macro nutrients, prebiotics, alcohol, alternative diets, starvation and anorexia. Meta analysis of 29 randomized trials showed that supplementation with calcium and vitamin D3 reduces risk of bone fractures by 24 % and significantly reduces loss of bone mass. Osteoporosis has multi factor etiology. Osteoporosis is one of diseases which are influenced by nutrition and life style. It is preventable by means of adequate nutrition and sufficient physical activity.
骨质疏松症是一种骨骼系统疾病，其特征是骨量减少和骨结构同时恶化。因此，骨骼更加脆弱，骨折的风险增加。获得最大骨量的潜力受多种因素影响。其中包括遗传、性别、营养、内分泌因素、机械影响和一些危险因素。对骨骼代谢最有影响的营养素是钙。在骨质疏松症的发病机制中起主要作用的是一些微量和常量营养素、益生元、酒精、替代饮食、饥饿和厌食。对 29 项随机试验的荟萃分析表明，钙和维生素 D3 的补充可使骨折风险降低 24%，并显著减少骨量流失。骨质疏松症的病因是多因素的。骨质疏松症是受营养和生活方式影响的疾病之一。通过充足的营养和足够的身体活动可以预防骨质疏松症。
