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针对 I 型肺炎球菌的口服免疫中可溶性特异物质的作用。

THE ROLE OF THE SOLUBLE SPECIFIC SUBSTANCE IN ORAL IMMUNIZATION AGAINST PNEUMOCOCCUS TYPE I.

机构信息

Bureau of Laboratories, Department of Health of the City of New York, New York.

出版信息

J Exp Med. 1931 Nov 30;54(6):899-923. doi: 10.1084/jem.54.6.899.

DOI:10.1084/jem.54.6.899
PMID:19869967
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2180305/
Abstract
  1. Feeding the purified soluble specific substance of Type I pneumococcus protects rats against an intraperitoneal injection of the virulent organism. 2. This increased resistance resembles that obtained when the intact (dead) or dissolved bacteria are fed, as follows: (a) one feeding is sufficient, (b) the interval between the feeding and the appearance of the immunity is the same, (c) the duration is approximately the same, (d) when the immunity is exhausted it can be renewed by a new feeding, (e) the immunizing action is type-specific. 3. The differences between the effects of feeding the purified specific substance and the intact or dissolved organism to rats, appear to be quantitative rather than qualitative, the proportion of animals protected and the height of the immunity being generally, though not always, less in the case of the former. 4. In contrast to the immunizing action which the soluble specific substance possesses when administered to rats, feeding it to mice failed to protect them. Neither were mice definitely immunized by parenteral administration. 5. A sodium glycocholate solution of Pneumococcus Type I lost part of its immunizing activity on standing for 1 year. 6. The failure to immunize mice and the loss of activity of the bile salt solution of pneumococcus, on standing, are discussed in terms of (a) the possible presence of a second cell constituent which is active by mouth, and (b) a possible intramolecular change in the type-specific polysaccharide associated with a loss of immunizing action while retaining the precipitin reaction.
摘要

  1. 给大鼠喂食纯化的 I 型肺炎球菌可溶性特异物质，可防止其腹腔注射强毒菌。

  2. 这种增强的抵抗力类似于用完整（死亡）或溶解细菌进行喂食时获得的抵抗力，如下所示：（a）一次喂食即可，（b）喂食与免疫力出现之间的间隔相同，（c）持续时间大致相同，（d）当免疫力耗尽时，可通过新的喂食来更新，（e）免疫作用具有特异性。

  3. 给大鼠喂食纯化的特异物质与完整或溶解的细菌之间的作用差异似乎是定量的而不是定性的，受保护动物的比例和免疫的高度通常（尽管并非总是如此）在前者的情况下较低。

  4. 与可溶性特异物质在给予大鼠时具有的免疫作用相反，给其喂食不能保护小鼠。给予小鼠注射也不能使它们明确免疫。

  5. 放置 1 年的 I 型肺炎球菌的甘胆酸钠溶液部分丧失了其免疫活性。

  6. 未能免疫小鼠和胆汁盐溶液中肺炎球菌活性的丧失，根据（a）可能存在另一种通过口服起作用的细胞成分，以及（b）与免疫作用丧失相关的型特异性多糖的可能分子内变化，同时保留沉淀反应。

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THE FATE OF ORALLY ADMINISTERED SOLUBLE SPECIFIC SUBSTANCE OF PNEUMOCOCCUS TYPES I, II AND III.口服型 I、II、III 型肺炎球菌可溶性特异性物质的命运。
J Exp Med. 1932 Jan 1;55(1):13-25. doi: 10.1084/jem.55.1.13.
2
THE ROLE OF THE SOLUBLE SPECIFIC SUBSTANCE IN ORAL IMMUNIZATION AGAINST PNEUMOCOCCUS TYPES II AND III.可溶性特异物质在 II 型和 III 型肺炎球菌口服免疫中的作用。
J Exp Med. 1932 Jan 1;55(1):1-12. doi: 10.1084/jem.55.1.1.

本文引用的文献

1
ORAL IMMUNIZATION AGAINST THE PNEUMOCOCCUS : USE OF BILE SALT DISSOLVED ORGANISMS, ETC., TIME OF APPEARANCE OF IMMUNITY AND DOSAGE.口服肺炎球菌免疫：使用胆汁盐溶解的生物体等，免疫出现时间和剂量。
J Exp Med. 1930 Mar 31;51(4):585-607. doi: 10.1084/jem.51.4.585.
2
THE SOLUBLE SPECIFIC SUBSTANCE OF PNEUMOCOCCUS : THIRD PAPER.肺炎球菌可溶性特异性物质：第三报。
J Exp Med. 1925 Oct 31;42(5):727-45. doi: 10.1084/jem.42.5.727.
3
THE SOLUBLE SPECIFIC SUBSTANCE OF PNEUMOCOCCUS : SECOND PAPER.肺炎球菌可溶性特异物质：第二篇论文。
J Exp Med. 1924 Aug 31;40(3):301-17. doi: 10.1084/jem.40.3.301.