Behets F M, Edidi B, Quinn T C, Atikala L, Bishagara K, Nzila N, Laga M, Piot P, Ryder R W, Brown C C
Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (1988). 1991;4(2):183-7.
Saliva and blood samples were tested for human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) antibodies in two high-risk populations in Kinshasa, Zaire. In a seroprevalence study of 458 sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic attendees, 142 of 145 seropositive individuals had enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-positive saliva samples (97.9% sensitivity). All saliva samples from seronegative patients were ELISA-negative (100% specificity). Of the 142 ELISA-positive saliva specimens, 137 were also Western blot-positive (94.5% sensitivity). In a subsequent seroincidence study of 315 initially seronegative female prostitutes followed during 183 woman-years of observation, 9 of 14 women who seroconverted (7.7% seroincidence) had ELISA-positive saliva samples at the time seroconversion was detected. Only three of these saliva specimens could be confirmed by Western blot. Although salivary testing for HIV-1 antibodies using conventional assays was not sensitive in detecting recent seroconversions, screening of salivary samples for HIV-1 antibody provides a convenient alternative method for conducting seroprevalence surveys in populations in whom venipuncture is not possible or convenient.
在扎伊尔金沙萨的两个高危人群中，对唾液和血液样本进行了人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）抗体检测。在一项针对458名性传播疾病（STD）门诊就诊者的血清流行率研究中，145名血清阳性个体中有142人唾液样本酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）呈阳性（敏感性为97.9%）。血清阴性患者的所有唾液样本ELISA检测均为阴性（特异性为100%）。在142份ELISA阳性的唾液标本中，137份蛋白免疫印迹法（Western blot）也呈阳性（敏感性为94.5%）。在随后一项对315名最初血清阴性的女性性工作者进行的血清发病率研究中，在183人年的观察期内，14名血清阳转者中有9人（血清发病率为7.7%）在血清阳转被检测到时唾液样本ELISA呈阳性。这些唾液标本中只有3份能通过蛋白免疫印迹法得到确认。虽然使用传统检测方法对HIV-1抗体进行唾液检测在检测近期血清阳转方面不敏感，但对唾液样本进行HIV-1抗体筛查为在无法或不便进行静脉穿刺的人群中开展血清流行率调查提供了一种便捷的替代方法。
